| Scope and covered activity | FIPS 140-3 covers cryptographic modules used in security systems and CMVP validation of those modules, including the defined module boundary, security level, interfaces, roles, services, and operational environment. | ISO/IEC 19790 covers security requirements for cryptographic modules; ISO/IEC 24759 covers test requirements for cryptographic modules. The public ISO grounding supports this scope-level distinction, not a detailed clause mapping. | Scope the claim by module and validation purpose first; do not treat an ISO standards reference as proof that a module is CMVP validated. |
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| Who uses the result | Vendors, CST laboratories, CMVP reviewers, federal buyers, and Canadian federal users rely on the FIPS/CMVP result to evaluate validated cryptographic modules. | Standards, assurance, procurement, and lab teams may cite ISO/IEC 19790 or ISO/IEC 24759 to describe the requirement or test basis behind cryptographic module assessment work. | Send certificate-status questions to the FIPS/CMVP evidence set; send standards-lineage questions to the ISO reference set. |
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| When the comparison matters | The FIPS side matters when a product claim, federal procurement response, system authorization, customer contract, or module release depends on FIPS 140-3 validation or approved cryptography evidence. | The ISO side matters when a customer, lab, or policy asks which international cryptographic module requirements or test requirements sit behind the FIPS 140-3 work. | Record the trigger in the evidence file so teams know whether they need a CMVP certificate, an ISO standards explanation, or both. |
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| Work products | FIPS/CMVP work products include module specification, security policy, service and approved-mode descriptions, operational-environment details, algorithm validation evidence, test reports, entropy and self-test support, and change-impact records. | ISO/IEC 19790 and ISO/IEC 24759 references support the requirements and test-method vocabulary, but this page does not assert unsupported one-to-one ISO clause deliverables. | Build the deliverable list from CMVP guidance for a FIPS claim, then use ISO references only where the source material or customer request actually cites them. |
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| Evidence and records | Keep certificate scope, module version, boundary diagrams, security levels, service tables, approved algorithm certificates, security policy text, lab test evidence, and CMVP change decisions together. | Keep ISO references as standards support: the ISO/IEC 19790 requirements citation, the ISO/IEC 24759 test-requirements citation, and any separately reviewed ISO text or procurement crosswalk. | Separate validation proof from standards background so auditors and customers can see what has actually been tested and validated. |
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| Timing and updates | FIPS 140-3 superseded FIPS 140-2, became effective after approval, and is supported by CMVP guidance that changes over time; validation evidence should track the guidance version used for the submission or change review. | ISO/IEC 19790 and ISO/IEC 24759 edition references should be recorded exactly as cited by FIPS, CMVP guidance, the lab, or the customer request. | Do not update public claims just because a comparison was rewritten; update claims when the module, certificate, standard edition, or CMVP guidance basis changes. |
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| Assurance route | FIPS 140-3 assurance runs through CMVP validation, with testing by accredited CST laboratories and acceptance by U.S. and Canadian federal agencies for protected information uses described in the source material. | ISO/IEC 19790 and ISO/IEC 24759 provide standards references; the cited public sources do not show an independent enforcement or certificate route equivalent to CMVP validation. | When a buyer asks for validated cryptography, confirm whether they mean a CMVP-listed FIPS 140-3 module rather than a general ISO standards citation. |
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| Overlap and reuse | FIPS 140-3 incorporates ISO/IEC 19790 and ISO/IEC 24759 references and adds FIPS/CMVP-specific validation context, NIST SP 800-140 modifications, and implementation guidance. | ISO references can explain the underlying security and test framework, but they should not absorb FIPS-specific certificate, approved-mode, CAVP, or CMVP evidence requirements. | Reuse explanatory text across the two sides, but keep validation artifacts and public claims tied to the FIPS/CMVP source that supports them. |
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| Practical decision rule | Use FIPS 140-3 and CMVP as controlling when the question is "Is this cryptographic module validated for the claimed use?" | Use ISO/IEC 19790 or ISO/IEC 24759 as controlling only when the question is about the international requirements or test-requirements standard named in the request. | A defensible answer usually names both layers: the ISO standard family for requirements or tests, and the FIPS/CMVP evidence for validation status. |
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