Test CasesEU

EU ePrivacy Directive Cookie banner UX test cases

Use these test cases to check whether a cookie banner lets users make, refuse, change, and prove Article 5(3) consent choices before non-essential storage or access occurs.

Built for privacy, product, analytics, marketing, engineering, and CMP owners who need concrete pass/fail checks rather than generic cookie-banner advice.

Author
Sorena AI
Published
May 9, 2026
Updated
Jul 25, 2026
Sections
7

Structured answer sets in this page tree.

Primary sources
8

Cited legal and guidance references.

Publication metadata
Sorena AI
Published May 9, 2026
Updated Jul 25, 2026
Overview

Run these test cases against the deployed banner and the network behavior it controls. Each case states the user journey, expected result, evidence, and the limited conclusion the test supports. The EDPB Cookie Banner Taskforce report coordinates authority views but expressly does not replace national transposition law or case-by-case assessment, so record the Member State requirements used for the final pass or fail decision.

Section 1

Test the Article 5(3) trigger before testing the banner

Start each test run by classifying the technologies loaded on the page. Article 5(3) is triggered when the service stores information on, or gains access to information already stored in, a user's terminal equipment unless a narrow technical or strictly necessary exemption applies.

Do not limit the inventory to browser cookies. EDPB technical-scope guidance covers storage and access patterns such as JavaScript-triggered network calls, tracking pixels, tracked URLs, local storage, application identifiers, and some IP-based or device-derived signals when they originate from terminal equipment.

  • Pass: before any choice, only cookies or similar technologies classified as transmission-only or strictly necessary are set or read.
  • Fail: analytics, advertising, social, A/B testing, personalization, affiliate, or tracking pixels fire before unless a documented exemption applies.
  • Evidence: network logs, browser storage snapshots, tag-manager version, CMP configuration, cookie inventory, purpose classification, and the exemption rationale for every item allowed before .
  • What this proves: the banner is not being used to ask for after the terminal-equipment access has already happened.
Section 2

Reject-all and equal-choice first-layer test

Open the page in a clean browser profile and inspect the first banner layer. If it offers an accept-all action for non-essential cookies, test whether the user also has a clear and usable way to refuse before any non-essential storage or access.

The EDPB Cookie Banner Taskforce reported that a vast majority of authorities considered the absence of any refuse, reject, or not- option on a layer containing a consent button inconsistent with valid consent. It did not create a binding EU-wide layout rule, and authorities did not agree on every visual-detail question. Evaluate placement, wording, contrast, keyboard focus order, and the applicable national position.

  • Pass: the first layer presents accept and reject choices with clear wording, usable controls, and no misleading visual hierarchy that makes refusal hard to find or read.
  • Fail or escalate: there is no refusal option on any layer containing the action, refusal is unreadable or presented as unavailable, or the design implies that access requires acceptance without a supported necessity or national-law analysis.
  • Evidence: screenshots at desktop and mobile widths, accessibility tree or tab-order capture, computed contrast for competing controls, CMP event logs, and a network trace showing non-essential tags remain blocked after rejection.
  • What this proves: the user had a genuine refusal path before -required terminal-equipment access occurred.
Section 3

Pre-ticked boxes and granular purpose-toggle test

Click into the settings layer and inspect every purpose, vendor, and technology toggle. -required purposes should start off by default; the user's active selection should be needed before those purposes are enabled.

The test should also check granularity. If analytics, advertising, personalization, social plug-ins, and A/B testing are bundled behind one switch, the evidence should explain whether each purpose is being accepted separately or whether a single toggle is forcing to unrelated purposes.

  • Pass: -required categories and vendors are off by default, necessary items are visibly separated, and the user can accept one non-essential purpose without accepting all others.
  • Fail: any opt-in box is pre-ticked, opt-out wording requires the user to deselect agreement, or a broad bundled toggle silently enables several non-essential purposes.
  • Evidence: clean-profile screenshots of default settings, exported CMP configuration, purpose-to-tag map, vendor list, and a before-and-after storage diff for each toggle.
  • What this proves: was an affirmative, purpose-specific action rather than silence, inactivity, or a hidden opt-out construction.
Section 4

Withdrawal and change-my-choice test

After accepting non-essential cookies, test whether the same user can find a persistent route to change or withdraw . The route can be a footer link, privacy settings control, account setting, or CMP icon, but it must be available without unusual effort and without lowering the service level.

The withdrawal test is not complete when the UI flips a toggle. It should also confirm that -dependent tags stop, future reads or writes are blocked, downstream suppression signals are sent where used, and any deletion or retention behavior is documented.

  • Pass: a user can withdraw through the same website or app interface with effort comparable to giving consent, and non-essential tags stop after withdrawal.
  • Fail: withdrawal requires calling support, sending email, waiting for office hours, clearing browser storage manually, accepting degraded content, or hunting through unrelated pages.
  • Evidence: screen recording from accept to withdraw, timestamps, CMP -string changes, network traces before and after withdrawal, suppression logs, and the user-facing text that explained withdrawal before consent.
  • What this proves: remains reversible and under user control after the first banner decision.
Section 6

Analytics-toggle and exemption test

Analytics requires its own test because teams often misclassify it as necessary. For a French exemption claim, current CNIL material requires audience measurement for the publisher's exclusive account, anonymous statistics, no cross-checking with other processing, no non-anonymous transmission to third parties, and no tracking across sites or apps. CNIL also recommends user information, a limited tracer lifetime, limited data retention, and periodic review. Other Member States can apply different national rules.

When those conditions are not met, analytics should behave like any other -required purpose: off before consent, controlled by a clear toggle, blocked after rejection, and stopped after withdrawal.

  • Pass: exempt analytics has documented conditions and an objection route, or non-exempt analytics is off until the user actively enables it.
  • Fail: analytics fires before because the team labels it necessary without an exemption analysis, shares identifiers across publishers, cross-checks with customer files, or uses third-party behavioral analytics as a necessary service cookie.
  • Evidence: analytics vendor configuration, proof that outputs are anonymous, tracker and data-retention settings, data-sharing and cross-site controls, user information, objection UI where relevant, purpose map, provider self-assessment, and network proof that analytics follows the recorded choice.
  • What this proves: the analytics toggle or exemption is based on the actual implementation rather than a generic analytics label.
Primary sources

References and citations

edpb.europa.eu
Referenced sections
  • Supports preserving banner-specific evidence because cookie complaints are assessed against concrete practices and national ePrivacy implementations.
"case-by-case verification"
edpb.europa.eu
Referenced sections
  • Supports keeping enough consent records to demonstrate how and when consent was obtained and what information was shown.
"demonstrate that valid consent has been obtained"
edpb.europa.eu
Referenced sections
  • Supports testing cookies, JavaScript, tracking pixels, tracked URLs, local processing, identifiers, and other terminal-equipment access patterns, not only classic cookies.
"Storage and access do not need to be cumulatively present"
ec.europa.eu
Referenced sections
  • Supports testing analytics against strict-necessity and purpose limits rather than assuming audience measurement is automatically exempt.
"first party analytics cookies are not exempt from consent"
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