EU Market Surveillance Regulation Requirements

For products covered by Article 4(5), including batteries and products subject to Articles 28, 29, or 31 of the Critical Raw Materials Regulation under the current consolidated text, the product may be placed on the EU market only when an economic operator established in the Union is responsible for the Article 4 tasks. Apply the listed sequence: an EU manufacturer; an importer where the manufacturer is outside the EU; an authorised representative with a written mandate; or an EU fulfilment service provider for products it handles when none of those three operators is established in the Union.

A contract alone does not satisfy the requirement. The Article 4 operator must verify that required EU declarations or declarations of performance and technical documentation have been drawn up, keep the declaration available for the period required by the applicable product law, make technical documentation available on request, provide information in a language easily understood by the authority, inform authorities when it has reason to believe the product presents a risk, and cooperate on immediate corrective action or risk mitigation. Recheck the assignment after a change to the product law, manufacturer location, importer, mandate, fulfilment route, or product family.

Article 6 treats products offered online or through other distance-sales channels as made available on the market when the offer is targeted at end users in the Union. Recital 15 explains that targeting depends on the facts, such as dispatch areas, ordering language, and payment means; mere website accessibility in a Member State is not enough by itself.

Online requirements therefore belong in the same MSR register as physical distribution. Product pages, marketplace listings, checkout flows, fulfilment routes, and after-sale support can all affect whether an offer is directed to EU end users and whether the responsible operator and documentation path are ready before the sale is made.

Economic operators must cooperate with market surveillance authorities on actions that can eliminate or mitigate product risks. Authorities have powers to require documents, technical specifications, compliance data, technical information, embedded-software access where necessary for conformity assessment, supply-chain and distribution-network information, quantities on the market, related model information, and website-ownership information relevant to an investigation.

The practical requirement is to keep the conformity file request-ready. A team should be able to identify the product version, applicable Union harmonisation legislation, EU declaration or declaration of performance status, test reports or certificates, technical-documentation location, responsible operator, supplier inputs, and the person authorised to answer an authority in the required language.

When an authority proposes a measure, decision, or order, Article 18 requires exact grounds, notice of available national remedies and time limits, and normally at least 10 working days for the operator to be heard. Urgency based on health, safety, or another protected public interest can justify acting before the hearing, but the authority must then offer the hearing as soon as possible and review the measure promptly.

Products entering the Union market for release for free circulation are subject to controls by designated authorities based on risk analysis. Release can be suspended when required documentation is missing or doubtful, marking or labelling is not compliant, CE or other required marking is false or misleading, Article 4 operator contact details are not indicated or identifiable, or there is cause to believe the product is non-compliant or presents a serious risk.

A border response file should therefore connect customs data, product identity, Article 4 operator details, declaration and technical-documentation status, labelling evidence, shipment route, and the decision trail from the market surveillance authority. Release for free circulation after a suspension is not proof of conformity, so the compliance record still needs to be closed on substance.

Where a product is liable to compromise protected interests or does not conform to applicable Union harmonisation legislation, market surveillance authorities must require appropriate and proportionate corrective action within a period they specify. Corrective action can include bringing the product into compliance, stopping availability, withdrawal or recall, public risk alerts, destruction or rendering inoperable, warnings, prior conditions for availability, or immediate end-user alerts.

For serious risk, authorities must ensure withdrawal, recall, or market prohibition where no other effective means eliminates the risk, and notify the Commission. The MSR uses the information and communication system in Article 34 for market-surveillance data, including measures, test reports, corrective action, injury reports, objections, and customs-related entries. Safety Gate is the EU rapid alert system for dangerous non-food products and is relevant when dangerous products and measures need rapid circulation among national authorities.