--- title: "RED vs LVD: when radio equipment uses RED for electrical safety" canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-lvd" source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-lvd" author: "Sorena AI" description: "Compare the EU Radio Equipment Directive and Low Voltage Directive for radio-product safety, voltage limits, CE marking, technical files, and declarations." published_at: "2026-05-09" updated_at: "2026-05-27" keywords: - "RED vs LVD" - "Radio Equipment Directive safety" - "Low Voltage Directive" - "Directive 2014/53/EU" - "Directive 2014/35/EU" - "radio equipment CE marking" - "Radio Equipment Directive" - "radio equipment electrical safety" --- **[SORENA](https://www.sorena.io/)** - AI-Powered GRC Platform [Home](https://www.sorena.io/) | [Solutions](https://www.sorena.io/solutions) | [Artifacts](https://www.sorena.io/artifacts) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) | [Contact](https://www.sorena.io/contact) | [Portal](https://app.sorena.io) --- # RED vs LVD: when radio equipment uses RED for electrical safety Compare the EU Radio Equipment Directive and Low Voltage Directive for radio-product safety, voltage limits, CE marking, technical files, and declarations. *Comparison* *EU product law* ## RED vs LVD Safety scope boundary Radio equipment is not separately subject to the Low Voltage Directive, except that RED Article 3(1)(a) uses the LVD safety objectives with no voltage limit applying. Use this comparison to decide whether the final product needs a RED conformity path, a standalone LVD path for a separate non-radio product boundary, or both for different items in the supply chain. The RED vs LVD question is not whether radio products need electrical safety evidence. They do. The practical question is whether that evidence belongs in the RED technical file for radio equipment or in a separate LVD file for electrical equipment outside the RED product boundary. ## RED vs LVD: side-by-side comparison Use this comparison to separate radio-equipment RED safety obligations from standalone LVD work, while preserving the electrical-safety evidence needed to prove RED Article 3 conformity. - **Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU**: Controls radio equipment placed on the EU market. It includes health and safety through Article 3(1)(a), applies the LVD safety objectives with no voltage limit, and also covers EMC, spectrum, CE marking, EU declaration, and technical documentation. - **Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU**: Controls standalone electrical equipment within its voltage limits where LVD applies independently. For radio equipment, RED uses the LVD safety objectives by reference instead of applying LVD as a separate legal route. | Dimension | Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU | Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU | Operational implication | Sources | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Scope boundary | RED applies to radio equipment: equipment that intentionally emits or receives radio waves for radio communication or radiodetermination. | LVD applies to electrical equipment within 50-1000 V AC or 75-1500 V DC when the equipment is in LVD scope and not routed through RED as radio equipment. | Start with the final product boundary. If the product is radio equipment, route the CE marking file through RED and treat electrical-safety evidence as RED Article 3(1)(a) evidence. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a).
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. | | Economic operators and owners | RED assigns obligations to manufacturers, authorised representatives, importers, distributors, and other economic operators according to their supply-chain roles for radio equipment. | LVD uses a similar EU product-law operator model for electrical equipment in its scope, but that does not move RED manufacturer duties to a charger supplier, module vendor, or safety test lab. | Name the manufacturer of the final radio product, then identify importers, distributors, authorised representatives, adapter suppliers, battery suppliers, and module suppliers as duty holders or evidence contributors. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. | | Trigger for the compliance route | RED is triggered by the radio function in the final product, including intentional transmission or reception for communication or radiodetermination. | LVD analysis is triggered for standalone electrical equipment within its voltage limits, not as a second route for the same final radio equipment already covered by RED. | Ask whether the final configuration is radio equipment before asking which safety standard or LVD certificate is available. A safety report does not decide the legal route. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). | | Core obligations | RED requires the radio equipment to meet Article 3 requirements, complete the relevant conformity assessment, carry CE marking, have an EU declaration, and maintain technical documentation. | LVD requires electrical equipment in LVD scope to meet safety objectives, complete its own conformity assessment, carry CE marking, have an EU declaration, and maintain technical documentation. | For a radio product, cite RED in the declaration and use LVD-style safety evidence to support RED Article 3(1)(a) instead of duplicating declarations for the same final product claim. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). | | Evidence and technical file | RED evidence should include the Article 3 requirement matrix, safety and radio standards list, risk analysis, test reports, EU DoC, technical documentation, and notified-body certificate where that route is used. | LVD evidence should be kept separately only when the product or product boundary is outside RED scope; otherwise electrical-safety reports belong in the RED technical file. | Use one evidence index, but tag every item to the legal claim it supports: RED safety, RED EMC, RED spectrum, activated RED Article 3(3), or standalone LVD. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a).
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying.
[Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. | | Release timing and retention | RED technical documentation is drawn up before placing radio equipment on the market, and the manufacturer keeps the technical documentation and EU declaration for 10 years after placing on the market. | LVD timing should be tracked for standalone LVD equipment or separate product boundaries; it should not become a second clock for the same RED radio-equipment safety requirement. | Block release until the RED technical file, EU declaration, CE marking, standards references, and safety evidence all describe the same final radio product. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). | | Authority and corrective action | Under RED, market surveillance authorities can evaluate radio equipment, require corrective action, withdrawal, or recall, and involve notified bodies where relevant to the conformity route. | For standalone LVD equipment, authority questions focus on the LVD safety file and conformity route rather than radio spectrum, RED Article 3(3), or common-charger radio-equipment requirements. | Authority-response packs should show which law is cited, which product boundary is covered, what corrective action is proposed, and which evidence proves the current configuration. | [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures.
[Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1020/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - EU market-surveillance source referenced in RED operation material for product compliance, corrective action, and authority oversight context.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. | | Overlap and reuse | RED can reuse LVD-style safety analysis, standards, and test evidence when that evidence is mapped to RED Article 3(1)(a) and the final radio product boundary. | LVD evidence can support a separate electrical item, such as a power supply or accessory, only when that item is independently placed on the market and within LVD scope. | Reuse evidence carefully: overlap can reduce duplicated testing, but it does not merge declarations, product boundaries, legal citations, or authority-response wording. | [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying.
[Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). | | Practical decision rule | Use RED when the final item is radio equipment. Put electrical-safety evidence in the RED file and cite RED Article 3(1)(a), not a duplicate LVD route for the same product. | Use LVD independently only for electrical equipment outside the RED radio-equipment boundary, or for a separately placed-on-market electrical item that needs its own conformity file. | Choose one practical next step: proceed under RED, proceed under LVD for a separate item, run separate files for separate product boundaries, or document why neither route controls the present fact pattern. | [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a).
[Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying.
[Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently.
[Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. | Sources for Scope boundary - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" Sources for Scope boundary - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Scope boundary - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Economic operators and owners - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Economic operators and owners - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Economic operators and owners - operational implication: - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Trigger for the compliance route - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" Sources for Trigger for the compliance route - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Trigger for the compliance route - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Core obligations - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" Sources for Core obligations - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" Sources for Core obligations - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Evidence and technical file - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" Sources for Evidence and technical file - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Evidence and technical file - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Release timing and retention - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" Sources for Release timing and retention - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Release timing and retention - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" Sources for Authority and corrective action - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1020/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - EU market-surveillance source referenced in RED operation material for product compliance, corrective action, and authority oversight context. - Quote: "market surveillance and compliance of products" Sources for Authority and corrective action - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" Sources for Authority and corrective action - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1020/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - EU market-surveillance source referenced in RED operation material for product compliance, corrective action, and authority oversight context. - Quote: "market surveillance and compliance of products" Sources for Overlap and reuse - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Overlap and reuse - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" Sources for Overlap and reuse - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." Sources for Practical decision rule - Radio Equipment Directive 2014/53/EU: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" Sources for Practical decision rule - Low Voltage Directive 2014/35/EU: - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" Sources for Practical decision rule - operational implication: - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." ### How should teams decide between RED and LVD for compliance planning? - If the final product is radio equipment, use RED as the conformity route and map safety evidence to RED Article 3(1)(a). - If the item is standalone electrical equipment outside the RED product boundary, test whether LVD applies using the voltage limits and exclusions. - If both a radio product and a separate electrical accessory are placed on the market, keep separate product boundaries, declarations, standards matrices, and evidence indexes. Sources for the practical decision rule: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" ## The RED and LVD boundary for radio products Directive 2014/53/EU covers radio equipment made available on the EU market. For that equipment, Article 3(1)(a) requires protection of health and safety of persons, domestic animals, and property, including the LVD safety objectives, but with no voltage limit applying. That boundary matters because the RED text says radio equipment within RED scope is not subject to Directive 2014/35/EU except through the RED safety requirement. Treating the same radio product as both RED and LVD for the same safety claim can create duplicate declarations, conflicting product boundaries, and weak technical-file logic. - Use RED as the declaration, CE marking, and technical-file route when the final product intentionally emits or receives radio waves for radio communication or radiodetermination. - Keep electrical-safety risk analysis, standards, test reports, charger or power-supply assumptions, and supplier evidence, but tag them as RED Article 3(1)(a) evidence for the radio equipment. - Use standalone LVD analysis for electrical equipment or accessories outside the RED product boundary, especially where the item is placed on the market separately and falls within the LVD voltage limits. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. ## Evidence to keep when LVD safety supports RED conformity A useful RED technical file separates the legal route from the engineering discipline. Electrical-safety evidence may come from LVD-style safety standards, power architecture reviews, battery and charger evidence, thermal testing, creepage and clearance analysis, enclosure assessments, and supplier declarations, but the final radio-equipment file should connect that evidence to RED Article 3(1)(a). The RED technical documentation should be drawn up before the radio equipment is placed on the market and kept with the EU declaration for 10 years after placing on the market. Where the chosen RED route uses a notified body, keep the EU-type examination certificate, annexes, additions, and change approvals with the same final product boundary. - Maintain one standards matrix that distinguishes RED safety, RED EMC, RED spectrum, and any activated RED Article 3(3) requirements. - Treat module, adapter, battery, and external power-supply declarations as inputs; reassess the final host configuration when integration changes heat, enclosure access, charging, or user exposure. - Record why the EU declaration cites RED for the radio product and where any LVD declaration is limited to a separate electrical item or supplier product. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. *Recommended next step* *Placement: after implementation section* ## Use this comparison to clean up safety evidence Turn the RED vs LVD boundary into a release-ready evidence map for product, regulatory, engineering, quality, procurement, and support teams. Keep the declaration route, standards matrix, technical file, and authority-response notes aligned. - [Open Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Answer RED scope, standards, and evidence questions with cited outputs. - [Review the evidence map](/contact.md): Check whether your radio product file cites RED, LVD, or both for the right product boundaries. ## Release checklist for RED vs LVD decisions Before release, the comparison should answer one concrete question: does the item being placed on the EU market need a RED conformity path, a standalone LVD conformity path, or separate files for different product boundaries? The answer should be visible in the declaration, technical documentation, standards list, labels, and supplier evidence. - Confirm whether the final product is radio equipment and identify the radio function, intended use, software or firmware affecting compliance, antennas, accessories, charger, and power-source assumptions. - Map electrical-safety evidence to RED Article 3(1)(a) when RED controls the radio product, and avoid citing LVD as a second legal route for the same final radio-equipment safety requirement. - Use a separate LVD file only for electrical equipment outside RED scope or for a separately placed-on-market non-radio product boundary. - Check whether harmonised standards are cited for the correct legal act and whether the selected RED conformity-assessment route requires notified-body involvement. - Keep corrective-action and authority-response notes aligned to the law cited in the declaration and technical file. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - [Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1020/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - EU market-surveillance source referenced in RED operation material for product compliance, corrective action, and authority oversight context. ## Primary sources - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary RED source for radio equipment scope, Article 3 essential requirements, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, technical documentation, and market-surveillance procedures. - Quote: "radio equipment" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 3(1)(a)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source showing that radio equipment must meet health and safety requirements, including LVD safety objectives, with no voltage limit applying. - Quote: "but with no voltage limit applying" - [Directive 2014/53/EU Article 1(4)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - RED source for the non-duplication rule: radio equipment within RED scope is not separately subject to the LVD except through RED Article 3(1)(a). - Quote: "shall not be subject to Directive 2014/35/EU" - [Directive 2014/35/EU on electrical equipment within voltage limits](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/35/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary LVD source for standalone electrical-equipment scope, safety objectives, conformity assessment, EU declaration, CE marking, and technical documentation where LVD applies independently. - Quote: "electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits" - [Commission Notice - Blue Guide on EU product rules (2022)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX%3A52022XC0629%2804%29&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for applying EU product-law concepts such as manufacturer responsibility, conformity assessment, CE marking, declarations, and simultaneous Union harmonisation acts. - Quote: "The manufacturer is responsible for the conformity assessment." - [Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 on market surveillance](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1020/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - EU market-surveillance source referenced in RED operation material for product compliance, corrective action, and authority oversight context. - Quote: "market surveillance and compliance of products" ## Related Topic Guides - [Are radio kits and evaluation boards covered by the RED? | RED FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/kits.md): RED FAQ for radio kits, construction kits, amateur-radio kits, and custom-built professional R&D evaluation boards under Directive 2014/53/EU. - [EU Radio Equipment Directive Timeline: practical guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/timeline.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive guide to Timeline with scope decisions, owner actions, evidence records, source-linked citations, and practical next steps. - [EU RED Applicability Test for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/applicability-test.md): Decide whether Directive 2014/53/EU applies to a connected product, which RED requirements are triggered, and what evidence belongs in the technical file. - [EU RED Common Charger FAQ: Which devices need USB-C?](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/common-charger.md): FAQ on EU RED common charger scope, 28 December 2024 and 28 April 2026 dates, USB-C, USB Power Delivery, charger unbundling, labels, pictograms, and evidence. - [EU RED Common Charger Obligations: USB-C scope, dates, labels](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/common-charger-obligations.md): source-linked RED common charger guide covering in-scope device categories, 28 December 2024 and 28 April 2026 dates, USB-C, USB PD, charger unbundling, labels, pictograms, and evidence. - [EU RED compliance evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/compliance.md): Build a Radio Equipment Directive compliance file with Article 3 requirement mapping, harmonised-standard checks, conformity assessment evidence, EU declarations, CE marking, and RED source links. - [EU RED Cybersecurity Product Categories: 2022/30 scope](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cybersecurity-delegated-act-product-categories.md): source-linked guide to RED Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 product categories for Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f), carve-outs, 1 August 2025 application, and release evidence. - [EU RED FAQ: Scope, CE and USB-C](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq.md): Answers to common EU RED questions on radio equipment scope, Article 3 requirements, cybersecurity, USB-C common charger rules, CE marking, and technical-file evidence. - [EU RED Radio Equipment Scope: products and exclusions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/radio-equipment-scope.md): Decide whether a product is radio equipment under Directive 2014/53/EU, with RED scope tests, exclusions, examples, and evidence records. - [EU RED Requirements Map: CE and Article 3](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/requirements.md): Map Radio Equipment Directive requirements for radio products: Article 3 safety, EMC, spectrum, selected Article 3(3) duties, common charger rules, conformity assessment, CE marking, EU declaration, and technical documentation. - [EU RED Scope and Classification](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/scope-and-classification.md): Classify products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive with source-linked tests for radio equipment scope, exclusions, Article 3 requirement buckets, cybersecurity, common charging, and evidence records. - [EU RED Scope Classification Workflow](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-scope-classification-workflow.md): Classify products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive with a source-linked workflow for RED scope, exclusions, Article 3 requirements, standards, CE evidence, cybersecurity, and common-charger triggers. - [RED Article 10 labelling, instructions, and restrictions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-10-labelling-and-restrictions.md): source-linked RED Article 10 guide for radio equipment labels, manufacturer contact details, instructions, DoC statements, frequency information, and use restrictions. - [RED Article 3 requirement selection workflow](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-3-requirement-selection-workflow.md): Select the right RED Article 3 branches for radio equipment: safety, EMC, spectrum, delegated Article 3(3) duties, cybersecurity, common charging, evidence, and conformity assessment. - [RED Article 3 Requirements: Safety, EMC, Spectrum and Cyber](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-3-1-3-2-and-3-3-requirements.md): Map Radio Equipment Directive Article 3(1), 3(2), and 3(3) requirements to safety, EMC, spectrum, interoperability, emergency, software, and cyber evidence. - [RED Compliance Checklist for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/checklist.md): source-linked RED checklist for radio equipment scope, Article 3 requirements, technical documentation, DoC, CE marking, cybersecurity, common charger, and notified-body decisions. - [RED compliance deadlines calendar: 2016, 2024, 2025 and 2026 dates](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): Calendar the EU Radio Equipment Directive deadlines that affect launches: RED applicability, transition end, common charger dates, cybersecurity requirements, OJEU standards, CE marking, declarations and technical files. - [RED conformity assessment and CE marking](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/conformity-assessment-and-ce.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive guide to Article 17 conformity modules, notified-body triggers, technical documentation, EU declarations, and CE marking. - [RED Conformity Assessment Template](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-conformity-assessment-template.md): Template fields for documenting RED Article 3 requirements, Article 17 route selection, harmonised standards, notified-body evidence, technical documentation, EU declaration, CE marking, cybersecurity, and common-charger checks. - [RED Cyber Compliance Workflow for Article 3(3)(d/e/f)](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cyber-compliance-workflow.md): A source-linked RED cybersecurity workflow for internet-connected radio equipment, privacy and data safeguards, payment-fraud features, evidence packs, and CE release gates. - [RED Cybersecurity Delegated Act Guide | Article 3(3)(d/e/f)](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-cybersecurity-delegated-act-guide.md): Practical guide to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 under the Radio Equipment Directive, covering Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity scope, 1 August 2025 application, evidence, standards, and notified-body checkpoints. - [RED Cybersecurity Requirements for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cybersecurity-requirements.md): EU RED cybersecurity requirements under Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f): scope, affected radio equipment, application date, standards, notified bodies, and evidence. - [RED DoC and CE marking file: what to include](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/doc-and-ce.md): FAQ answer for Radio Equipment Directive declarations of conformity, CE marking evidence, technical documentation, notified-body records, and related labels. - [RED EMC and LVD Safety Interplay for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/emc-and-lvd-safety-interplay.md): Explain how EU RED Article 3 applies LVD safety objectives and EMC requirements to radio equipment, with evidence, test-plan, and technical-file guidance. - [RED Harmonised Standards and Test Plans: OJEU evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/harmonized-standards-and-test-plans.md): Build a Radio Equipment Directive standards matrix and test plan around OJEU-cited harmonised standards, Article 3 requirements, Article 17 route triggers, and Annex V technical-file evidence. - [RED importer obligations FAQ | Directive 2014/53/EU](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/importers.md): What importers must check before placing radio equipment on the EU market: conformity assessment, spectrum use, technical documentation, EU declaration, CE marking, traceability, instructions, restrictions, storage, corrective action, and authority cooperation. - [RED notified body route selection under Article 17](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/notified-body-route-selection.md): Decide when RED radio equipment can use internal production control and when Article 17 requires Annex III EU-type examination or Annex IV full quality assurance. - [RED Notified Body Trigger Workflow: Article 17 evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/notified-body-trigger-workflow.md): Decide when the EU Radio Equipment Directive needs a notified body by mapping Article 3 requirements, OJEU-cited harmonised standards, Annex III EU-type examination, and Annex IV full quality assurance evidence. - [RED penalties, fines, and enforcement actions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/penalties-and-fines.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive penalties guide covering Article 46, Member State penalty rules, recalls, withdrawals, formal non-compliance, and enforcement evidence. - [RED radio modules FAQ: host product assessment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/radio-modules.md): FAQ on how Directive 2014/53/EU treats RF modules and host products, including module evidence, final-product responsibility, Article 3 assessment, technical documentation, instructions, antennas, software, and DoC records. - [RED SAR and RF Exposure Evidence FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/sar-and-wireless-exposure.md): What SAR and RF exposure evidence to keep under the EU Radio Equipment Directive, including Article 3(1)(a), foreseeable use, frequency, power, antenna, and standards evidence. - [RED software update impact for radio equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/software-update-impact.md): Assess when firmware, app, and software updates can affect EU Radio Equipment Directive conformity, technical documentation, DoC, standards, and notified-body evidence. - [RED standards not cited in the OJEU: can you use them?](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/standards-not-cited-in-ojeu.md): FAQ answer for Radio Equipment Directive products when a standard is useful but not OJEU-cited, including presumption of conformity, Article 17 route selection, and technical-file evidence. - [RED vs Cyber Resilience Act: radio equipment cyber scope](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-cyber-resilience-act.md): Compare RED cybersecurity duties with Cyber Resilience Act planning for connected radio equipment, using grounded RED scope, evidence, dates, and caveats. - [RED vs EMC Directive: when radio equipment uses RED instead of EMCD](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-emc.md): Compare the EU Radio Equipment Directive and EMC Directive for radio products, EMC evidence, CE marking, declarations, technical files, and scope boundaries. - [RED vs ETSI EN 303 645: IoT cyber evidence comparison](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-etsi-en-303-645.md): Compare EU RED cybersecurity duties with ETSI EN 303 645 evidence reuse for connected radio products, OJEU standards, CE files, and 1 August 2025 planning. - [RED vs Market Surveillance Regulation: radio equipment compliance roles](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-msr.md): Compare RED product conformity duties with EU Market Surveillance Regulation controls for radio equipment, online sales, responsible operators, customs holds, and evidence. - [RED vs UK PSTI for connected radio products](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-uk-psti.md): Compare EU RED duties with UK PSTI planning for connected radio products: scope, actors, evidence, cybersecurity overlap, CE marking, and separate UK product-security workstreams. - [When do RED cybersecurity requirements apply to connected radio equipment? | RED FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/cybersecurity-applicability.md): RED FAQ explaining when Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity requirements apply to internet-connected, childcare, toy, wearable, and payment-capable radio equipment. - [Which receivers and transmitters are covered by RED? | Directive 2014/53/EU FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/receivers-and-transmitters.md): RED scope FAQ for products that intentionally emit or receive radio waves for radio communication or radiodetermination, including receiver-only products, transmitters, accessory-dependent products, and common exclusions. - [Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Products Under the EU RED](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/wi-fi-and-bluetooth-products.md): FAQ for assessing Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, BLE and other short-range wireless products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive, including Article 3, CE, technical file, cybersecurity and notified-body triggers. --- [Privacy Policy](https://www.sorena.io/privacy) | [Terms of Use](https://www.sorena.io/terms-of-use) | [DMCA](https://www.sorena.io/dmca) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) (c) 2026 Sorena AB (559573-7338). All rights reserved. Source: https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-lvd