--- title: "EU RED Scope Classification Workflow" canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-scope-classification-workflow" source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-scope-classification-workflow" author: "Sorena AI" description: "Classify products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive with a source-linked workflow for RED scope, exclusions, Article 3 requirements, standards, CE evidence, cybersecurity, and common-charger triggers." published_at: "2026-05-09" updated_at: "2026-05-09" keywords: - "EU RED scope classification" - "Radio Equipment Directive workflow" - "Directive 2014/53/EU scope" - "radio equipment definition" - "RED Article 3 requirements" - "RED technical file" - "EU Radio Equipment Directive" - "RED scope classification" - "Directive 2014/53/EU" - "RED Article 3" --- **[SORENA](https://www.sorena.io/)** - AI-Powered GRC Platform [Home](https://www.sorena.io/) | [Solutions](https://www.sorena.io/solutions) | [Artifacts](https://www.sorena.io/artifacts) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) | [Contact](https://www.sorena.io/contact) | [Portal](https://app.sorena.io) --- # EU RED Scope Classification Workflow Classify products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive with a source-linked workflow for RED scope, exclusions, Article 3 requirements, standards, CE evidence, cybersecurity, and common-charger triggers. *Scope Workflow* *Directive 2014/53/EU* ## EU RED scope classification workflow Use this workflow to decide whether a product is radio equipment under Directive 2014/53/EU, document exclusions and edge cases, and route the product into the correct Article 3, standards, conformity-assessment, CE, cybersecurity, and common-charger evidence work. The classification should be based on product facts: intentional emission or reception of radio waves, radio communication or radiodetermination purpose, intended Union-market use, accessories, software, exclusions, and any delegated or implementing act that changes the requirement set. A RED scope classification workflow should not stop at the word "wireless". It should record the radio function, market-placement facts, exclusions considered, Article 3 requirement map, standards route, and evidence owner before the product is released, changed, imported, or challenged by a customer or authority. ## 1. Classify the product against the RED definition Start with Article 1 and Article 2 of Directive 2014/53/EU. The Directive establishes the EU framework for making radio equipment available on the market and putting it into service. Radio equipment is an electrical or electronic product that intentionally emits or receives radio waves for radio communication or radiodetermination, including a product that needs an accessory such as an antenna to perform that function. Write the initial decision as a fact chain rather than a label. Identify the product configuration, radio interface, receiver or transmitter function, antenna dependency, software or firmware version affecting the radio function, intended use, and whether the product is being made available on the Union market, first placed on that market, or put into service. - Record each radio technology and purpose, including communication, positioning, velocity or characteristic determination, GNSS, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular, RFID, radar, or other radiodetermination features. - Do not treat the RED decision as the same question as EMC, LVD, RoHS, GPSR, medical-device, aviation, marine, toy, or cyber-product law scope; note overlaps separately. - If the device only uses electromagnetic waves for another purpose, such as pure wireless power transfer without communication or radiodetermination, record why RED is not the right scope answer and which other regime may still apply. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for RED scope, market concepts, and the definition of radio equipment. - [European Commission RED Guide](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/a0c7e4c5-27db-4c59-9c43-a380ed21563f_en?filename=20181219%20RED%20guide.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for interpreting RED scope, market placement, radio equipment examples, and non-radio uses of electromagnetic waves. ## 2. Test RED exclusions and recurring borderline cases Before opening a test plan, rule out the explicit exclusions. Directive 2014/53/EU excludes equipment listed in Annex I and radio equipment exclusively used for public security, defence, State security, certain State economic-security matters, and State criminal-law activities. The Commission RED Guide warns that equipment used by public authorities can still be in scope when it is not exclusively used for excluded activities. Then resolve common borderline cases with product facts. Commission guidance treats radio and television receivers, equipment below 9 kHz, radiodetermination equipment, and active antennas as RED scope examples. It distinguishes passive antennas sold alone, pure DVB-C receivers receiving a wired CATV signal, custom-built evaluation kits for professional R&D facilities, amateur-radio cases, construction kits, infrared devices, and products using waves for non-radio purposes. - For evaluation kits, keep evidence that the kit is custom-built, destined for professionals, and used solely at research and development facilities. - For amateur-radio claims, distinguish equipment constructed, modified, or used by radio amateurs from equipment made available on the market. - For receivers, antennas, modules, kits, and wired variants, document the actual signal path and who places the final radio equipment on the Union market. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for RED Article 1 exclusions and Annex I excluded equipment. - [European Commission RED Guide](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/a0c7e4c5-27db-4c59-9c43-a380ed21563f_en?filename=20181219%20RED%20guide.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for exclusions and scope examples, including State-use exclusivity, amateur radio, evaluation kits, antennas, DVB receivers, infrared products, and construction kits. - [European Commission FAQ on the Radio Equipment Directive](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/eaa8a3d6-61c3-41b1-b14c-5067c693bd52_en?filename=RED-FAQ.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission FAQ for scope changes and examples, including receivers, below-9 kHz equipment, radiodetermination equipment, fixed line terminal equipment, and custom-built evaluation kits. ## 3. Convert an in-scope answer into Article 3 requirement buckets When RED applies, classify the product against Article 3 before selecting standards. Article 3(1)(a) covers health and safety objectives, Article 3(1)(b) covers electromagnetic compatibility, and Article 3(2) covers effective and efficient use of radio spectrum to avoid harmful interference. Article 3(3) adds category-specific requirements such as network protection, personal-data and privacy safeguards, fraud protection, emergency-service access, accessibility, and software-loading controls where delegated or implementing acts make them applicable. A release-ready workflow should therefore produce a requirement matrix, not only a scope conclusion. For each radio interface and product configuration, record whether Article 3(1), 3(2), and any Article 3(3) requirement applies, what evidence will demonstrate conformity, and whether the decision relies on a harmonised standard cited in the Official Journal or on another technical specification. - Create one line per product configuration, radio interface, accessory, antenna, and software or firmware version that can affect RED conformity. - Map Article 3(1)(a), 3(1)(b), and 3(2) for all in-scope radio equipment before assessing Article 3(3) special requirements. - Flag unresolved Article 3(3) questions for regulatory review instead of assuming that every connected or wearable product has the same RED requirement set. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for Article 3 essential requirements, software-and-radio combinations, technical documentation, conformity assessment, and CE marking. - [European Commission RED Guide](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/a0c7e4c5-27db-4c59-9c43-a380ed21563f_en?filename=20181219%20RED%20guide.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for translating scope decisions into economic-operator, essential-requirement, software, instructions, and technical-documentation work. ## 4. Add cybersecurity and common-charger decision gates RED scope classification now needs two extra gates for many connected or rechargeable products. Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 applies Article 3(3)(d) to internet-connected radio equipment, Article 3(3)(e) to specified radio equipment capable of processing personal, traffic, or location data, and Article 3(3)(f) to internet-connected radio equipment enabling transfer of money, monetary value, or virtual currency. Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2444 moved the application date for those cybersecurity requirements to 1 August 2025. For common charging, classify whether the product is one of the listed portable radio-equipment categories subject to the RED common-charger amendments. Commission guidance states that the common charging requirements apply to listed handheld devices since 28 December 2024 and to laptops as of 28 April 2026. If in scope, route the product to USB-C, fast-charging, charger-unbundling, pictogram, and charging-information evidence. - For cybersecurity, record whether the product communicates over the internet directly or through other equipment, whether it is childcare, toy, wearable, medical-device, vehicle, aviation, or road-toll equipment, and whether it processes the data types or payment functions described in the delegated regulation. - For common charging, record the device category, wired charging capability, whether a charger is bundled, the consumer pictogram, and the charging-power information that will appear with the product. - Keep these gates separate from the baseline RED definition; a product can be RED scope even when the cybersecurity delegated act or common-charger rules do not apply to that configuration. Sources for this answer: - [Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 on RED cybersecurity](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2022/30/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Delegated source for the categories of radio equipment subject to RED Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity-related requirements. - [Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2444 on RED cybersecurity application date](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2023/2444/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Delegated source moving the Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity application date to 1 August 2025. - [European Commission - one common charging solution for all](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/electrical-and-electronic-engineering-industries-eei/radio-equipment-directive-red/one-common-charging-solution-all_en?ref=sorena.io) - Commission source for common-charger device categories, USB-C, fast charging, charger unbundling, pictograms, charging information, and application dates. ## 5. Select standards, conformity route, and release evidence Once the scope and requirement buckets are set, choose the evidence route. RED gives presumption of conformity for harmonised standards or parts of standards whose references are published in the Official Journal for the Article 3 requirements they cover. Article 17 then links the standards position to conformity-assessment options: internal production control, EU-type examination followed by conformity to type, or full quality assurance. If harmonised standards for Article 3(2) or 3(3) are missing, not applied, or only partly applied, the workflow should flag the notified-body route under Article 17 instead of closing on internal production control alone. The technical file should show the applicable requirements, standards used in full or in part, alternative technical specifications, test reports, EU declaration of conformity, CE marking basis, and copies of certificates where the selected module requires them. - Check OJEU status and restrictions for each standard rather than relying on an uncited test-lab template or a supplier declaration alone. - Keep the technical file aligned with the selected scope answer, Article 3 matrix, user information, software or firmware versions affecting compliance, and EU declaration of conformity. - Reopen classification after radio module substitutions, antenna changes, firmware updates, new accessories, standards changes, delegated-act changes, supplier changes, importer questions, customer complaints, or authority contact. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for presumption of conformity, Article 17 conformity-assessment routes, technical documentation, EU declaration, and CE marking. - [Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2191 on RED harmonised standards](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2022/2191/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Official RED harmonised-standards decision used to verify cited standards and any limits on presumption of conformity. *Recommended next step for RED scope review* *Placement: after workflow output section* ## Turn the RED scope decision into a release record Convert product facts, exclusions, Article 3 buckets, cybersecurity and common-charger gates, standards choices, conformity route, owners, and review triggers into a cited RED classification memo. - [Open RED Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Answer RED scope, standards, cybersecurity, and common-charger questions with cited outputs. - [Talk through RED implementation](/contact.md): Review your classification record, evidence model, conformity route, and next actions. ## Workflow output: the RED scope classification record The finished record should let a reviewer understand the answer without replaying the meeting. It should name the product, model, radio functions, intended use, Union-market fact pattern, exclusions considered, Article 3 requirement buckets, cybersecurity and common-charger gates, standards route, conformity-assessment route, evidence owners, and open assumptions. Use a clear status for each configuration: in RED scope, outside RED scope with reason, in RED scope but requiring escalation, or blocked pending missing facts. Do not cite local PDFs, file paths, copied guidance, or public URLs without `ref=sorena.io`; source entries should be external HTTPS references that support the classification claim. - Minimum evidence: scope memo, exclusion analysis, radio-interface inventory, Article 3 matrix, standards and test plan, cybersecurity and common-charger gate decisions, conformity route, technical-file index, EU declaration status, CE marking basis, and review triggers. - Minimum ownership: regulatory owner for the conclusion, engineering owner for product facts and test evidence, quality owner for technical-file retention, procurement owner for module and supplier evidence, and release owner for launch gating. - Minimum review triggers: design change, software change affecting compliance, antenna or accessory change, module substitution, market expansion, new OJEU standard citation or restriction, delegated-act change, complaint, recall, incident, importer query, or authority request. Sources for this answer: - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for scope definitions, technical documentation, EU declaration, conformity assessment, CE marking, and authority-facing evidence. - [European Commission RED Guide](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/a0c7e4c5-27db-4c59-9c43-a380ed21563f_en?filename=20181219%20RED%20guide.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for practical scope interpretation, product examples, economic-operator duties, software references, instructions, and technical-documentation expectations. ## Primary sources - [Directive 2014/53/EU on radio equipment](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2014/53/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding source for RED scope, exclusions, definitions, Article 3 essential requirements, harmonised standards, conformity assessment, technical documentation, EU declaration, CE marking, and market-surveillance evidence. - Quote: "intentionally emits and/or receives radio waves" - [European Commission RED Guide](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/a0c7e4c5-27db-4c59-9c43-a380ed21563f_en?filename=20181219%20RED%20guide.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission guidance for RED scope interpretation, exclusions, product examples, economic-operator obligations, software references, instructions, and technical-documentation expectations; the Directive controls if guidance conflicts with law. - Quote: "What is radio equipment?" - [European Commission FAQ on the Radio Equipment Directive](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/document/download/eaa8a3d6-61c3-41b1-b14c-5067c693bd52_en?filename=RED-FAQ.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission FAQ for scope changes and examples, including receivers, below-9 kHz equipment, radiodetermination equipment, fixed line terminal equipment, and custom-built evaluation kits. - Quote: "Which equipment falls within the scope" - [Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 on RED cybersecurity](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2022/30/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Delegated source for the categories of radio equipment subject to RED Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity-related requirements. - Quote: "internet-connected radio equipment" - [Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/2444 on RED cybersecurity application date](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2023/2444/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Delegated source moving the Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity application date to 1 August 2025. - Quote: "It shall apply from 1 August 2025" - [European Commission - one common charging solution for all](https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/electrical-and-electronic-engineering-industries-eei/radio-equipment-directive-red/one-common-charging-solution-all_en?ref=sorena.io) - Commission source for RED common-charger scope, USB-C, fast charging, charger unbundling, pictograms, charging information, and application dates. - Quote: "USB-C is the common port" - [Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2191 on RED harmonised standards](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dec_impl/2022/2191/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Official RED harmonised-standards decision used to verify cited standards and any limits on presumption of conformity. - Quote: "harmonised standards for radio equipment" ## Related Topic Guides - [Are radio kits and evaluation boards covered by the RED? | RED FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/kits.md): RED FAQ for radio kits, construction kits, amateur-radio kits, and custom-built professional R&D evaluation boards under Directive 2014/53/EU. - [EU Radio Equipment Directive Timeline: practical guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/timeline.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive guide to Timeline with scope decisions, owner actions, evidence records, source-linked citations, and practical next steps. - [EU RED Applicability Test for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/applicability-test.md): Decide whether Directive 2014/53/EU applies to a connected product, which RED requirements are triggered, and what evidence belongs in the technical file. - [EU RED Common Charger FAQ: Which devices need USB-C?](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/common-charger.md): FAQ on EU RED common charger scope, 28 December 2024 and 28 April 2026 dates, USB-C, USB Power Delivery, charger unbundling, labels, pictograms, and evidence. - [EU RED Common Charger Obligations: USB-C scope, dates, labels](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/common-charger-obligations.md): source-linked RED common charger guide covering in-scope device categories, 28 December 2024 and 28 April 2026 dates, USB-C, USB PD, charger unbundling, labels, pictograms, and evidence. - [EU RED compliance evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/compliance.md): Build a Radio Equipment Directive compliance file with Article 3 requirement mapping, harmonised-standard checks, conformity assessment evidence, EU declarations, CE marking, and RED source links. - [EU RED Cybersecurity Product Categories: 2022/30 scope](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cybersecurity-delegated-act-product-categories.md): source-linked guide to RED Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 product categories for Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f), carve-outs, 1 August 2025 application, and release evidence. - [EU RED FAQ: Scope, CE and USB-C](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq.md): Answers to common EU RED questions on radio equipment scope, Article 3 requirements, cybersecurity, USB-C common charger rules, CE marking, and technical-file evidence. - [EU RED Radio Equipment Scope: products and exclusions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/radio-equipment-scope.md): Decide whether a product is radio equipment under Directive 2014/53/EU, with RED scope tests, exclusions, examples, and evidence records. - [EU RED Requirements Map: CE and Article 3](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/requirements.md): Map Radio Equipment Directive requirements for radio products: Article 3 safety, EMC, spectrum, selected Article 3(3) duties, common charger rules, conformity assessment, CE marking, EU declaration, and technical documentation. - [EU RED Scope and Classification](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/scope-and-classification.md): Classify products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive with source-linked tests for radio equipment scope, exclusions, Article 3 requirement buckets, cybersecurity, common charging, and evidence records. - [RED Article 10 labelling, instructions, and restrictions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-10-labelling-and-restrictions.md): source-linked RED Article 10 guide for radio equipment labels, manufacturer contact details, instructions, DoC statements, frequency information, and use restrictions. - [RED Article 3 requirement selection workflow](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-3-requirement-selection-workflow.md): Select the right RED Article 3 branches for radio equipment: safety, EMC, spectrum, delegated Article 3(3) duties, cybersecurity, common charging, evidence, and conformity assessment. - [RED Article 3 Requirements: Safety, EMC, Spectrum and Cyber](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/article-3-1-3-2-and-3-3-requirements.md): Map Radio Equipment Directive Article 3(1), 3(2), and 3(3) requirements to safety, EMC, spectrum, interoperability, emergency, software, and cyber evidence. - [RED Compliance Checklist for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/checklist.md): source-linked RED checklist for radio equipment scope, Article 3 requirements, technical documentation, DoC, CE marking, cybersecurity, common charger, and notified-body decisions. - [RED compliance deadlines calendar: 2016, 2024, 2025 and 2026 dates](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): Calendar the EU Radio Equipment Directive deadlines that affect launches: RED applicability, transition end, common charger dates, cybersecurity requirements, OJEU standards, CE marking, declarations and technical files. - [RED conformity assessment and CE marking](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/conformity-assessment-and-ce.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive guide to Article 17 conformity modules, notified-body triggers, technical documentation, EU declarations, and CE marking. - [RED Conformity Assessment Template](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-conformity-assessment-template.md): Template fields for documenting RED Article 3 requirements, Article 17 route selection, harmonised standards, notified-body evidence, technical documentation, EU declaration, CE marking, cybersecurity, and common-charger checks. - [RED Cyber Compliance Workflow for Article 3(3)(d/e/f)](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cyber-compliance-workflow.md): A source-linked RED cybersecurity workflow for internet-connected radio equipment, privacy and data safeguards, payment-fraud features, evidence packs, and CE release gates. - [RED Cybersecurity Delegated Act Guide | Article 3(3)(d/e/f)](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-cybersecurity-delegated-act-guide.md): Practical guide to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30 under the Radio Equipment Directive, covering Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity scope, 1 August 2025 application, evidence, standards, and notified-body checkpoints. - [RED Cybersecurity Requirements for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/cybersecurity-requirements.md): EU RED cybersecurity requirements under Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f): scope, affected radio equipment, application date, standards, notified bodies, and evidence. - [RED DoC and CE marking file: what to include](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/doc-and-ce.md): FAQ answer for Radio Equipment Directive declarations of conformity, CE marking evidence, technical documentation, notified-body records, and related labels. - [RED EMC and LVD Safety Interplay for Radio Equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/emc-and-lvd-safety-interplay.md): Explain how EU RED Article 3 applies LVD safety objectives and EMC requirements to radio equipment, with evidence, test-plan, and technical-file guidance. - [RED Harmonised Standards and Test Plans: OJEU evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/harmonized-standards-and-test-plans.md): Build a Radio Equipment Directive standards matrix and test plan around OJEU-cited harmonised standards, Article 3 requirements, Article 17 route triggers, and Annex V technical-file evidence. - [RED importer obligations FAQ | Directive 2014/53/EU](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/importers.md): What importers must check before placing radio equipment on the EU market: conformity assessment, spectrum use, technical documentation, EU declaration, CE marking, traceability, instructions, restrictions, storage, corrective action, and authority cooperation. - [RED notified body route selection under Article 17](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/notified-body-route-selection.md): Decide when RED radio equipment can use internal production control and when Article 17 requires Annex III EU-type examination or Annex IV full quality assurance. - [RED Notified Body Trigger Workflow: Article 17 evidence guide](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/notified-body-trigger-workflow.md): Decide when the EU Radio Equipment Directive needs a notified body by mapping Article 3 requirements, OJEU-cited harmonised standards, Annex III EU-type examination, and Annex IV full quality assurance evidence. - [RED penalties, fines, and enforcement actions](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/penalties-and-fines.md): EU Radio Equipment Directive penalties guide covering Article 46, Member State penalty rules, recalls, withdrawals, formal non-compliance, and enforcement evidence. - [RED radio modules FAQ: host product assessment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/radio-modules.md): FAQ on how Directive 2014/53/EU treats RF modules and host products, including module evidence, final-product responsibility, Article 3 assessment, technical documentation, instructions, antennas, software, and DoC records. - [RED SAR and RF Exposure Evidence FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/sar-and-wireless-exposure.md): What SAR and RF exposure evidence to keep under the EU Radio Equipment Directive, including Article 3(1)(a), foreseeable use, frequency, power, antenna, and standards evidence. - [RED software update impact for radio equipment](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/software-update-impact.md): Assess when firmware, app, and software updates can affect EU Radio Equipment Directive conformity, technical documentation, DoC, standards, and notified-body evidence. - [RED standards not cited in the OJEU: can you use them?](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/standards-not-cited-in-ojeu.md): FAQ answer for Radio Equipment Directive products when a standard is useful but not OJEU-cited, including presumption of conformity, Article 17 route selection, and technical-file evidence. - [RED vs Cyber Resilience Act: radio equipment cyber scope](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-cyber-resilience-act.md): Compare RED cybersecurity duties with Cyber Resilience Act planning for connected radio equipment, using grounded RED scope, evidence, dates, and caveats. - [RED vs EMC Directive: when radio equipment uses RED instead of EMCD](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-emc.md): Compare the EU Radio Equipment Directive and EMC Directive for radio products, EMC evidence, CE marking, declarations, technical files, and scope boundaries. - [RED vs ETSI EN 303 645: IoT cyber evidence comparison](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-etsi-en-303-645.md): Compare EU RED cybersecurity duties with ETSI EN 303 645 evidence reuse for connected radio products, OJEU standards, CE files, and 1 August 2025 planning. - [RED vs LVD: when radio equipment uses RED for electrical safety](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-lvd.md): Compare the EU Radio Equipment Directive and Low Voltage Directive for radio-product safety, voltage limits, CE marking, technical files, and declarations. - [RED vs Market Surveillance Regulation: radio equipment compliance roles](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-msr.md): Compare RED product conformity duties with EU Market Surveillance Regulation controls for radio equipment, online sales, responsible operators, customs holds, and evidence. - [RED vs UK PSTI for connected radio products](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/red-vs-uk-psti.md): Compare EU RED duties with UK PSTI planning for connected radio products: scope, actors, evidence, cybersecurity overlap, CE marking, and separate UK product-security workstreams. - [When do RED cybersecurity requirements apply to connected radio equipment? | RED FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/cybersecurity-applicability.md): RED FAQ explaining when Article 3(3)(d), (e), and (f) cybersecurity requirements apply to internet-connected, childcare, toy, wearable, and payment-capable radio equipment. - [Which receivers and transmitters are covered by RED? | Directive 2014/53/EU FAQ](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/receivers-and-transmitters.md): RED scope FAQ for products that intentionally emit or receive radio waves for radio communication or radiodetermination, including receiver-only products, transmitters, accessory-dependent products, and common exclusions. - [Wi-Fi and Bluetooth Products Under the EU RED](/artifacts/eu/radio-equipment-directive/faq/wi-fi-and-bluetooth-products.md): FAQ for assessing Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, BLE and other short-range wireless products under the EU Radio Equipment Directive, including Article 3, CE, technical file, cybersecurity and notified-body triggers. --- [Privacy Policy](https://www.sorena.io/privacy) | [Terms of Use](https://www.sorena.io/terms-of-use) | [DMCA](https://www.sorena.io/dmca) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) (c) 2026 Sorena AB (559573-7338). 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