---
title: "EU Green Claims claim categories and evidence map"
canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/claim-categories"
source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/claim-categories"
author: "Sorena AI"
description: "Classify EU environmental claims by category: explicit, comparative, product, trader, carbon, labels, generic wording, and evidence needs."
published_at: "2026-05-09"
updated_at: "2026-05-09"
keywords:
  - "EU Green Claims Directive"
  - "Directive EU 2024/825"
  - "explicit environmental claims"
  - "comparative environmental claims"
  - "sustainability labels"
  - "generic environmental claims"
  - "carbon neutral claims"
  - "claim substantiation"
  - "Green Claims"
  - "EU Green Claims Directive and Green Transition Rules"
  - "Claim Categories"
  - "environmental claims"
  - "substantiation"
  - "communication"
  - "verification"
---
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---

# EU Green Claims claim categories and evidence map

Classify EU environmental claims by category: explicit, comparative, product, trader, carbon, labels, generic wording, and evidence needs.

*Green Claims* *Claim categories* *EU*

## EU Green Claims Directive and Green Transition Rules Claim Categories

Classify environmental marketing claims before copy, packaging, labels, or sales pages go live.

Use the categories below to separate explicit claims, comparisons, product and trader claims, carbon wording, sustainability labels, generic wording, and the evidence each one needs.

EU green-claims review starts with classification. The same phrase can trigger different controls depending on whether it is an explicit environmental claim, a comparison, a claim about the whole product, a claim about the trader's business, a carbon or offset claim, a sustainability label, or a generic green phrase covered by the UCPD changes in Directive (EU) 2024/825.

## Category 1: explicit environmental claims

Treat a written or oral claim as an explicit environmental claim when it tells consumers that a product, service, brand, product category, trader, or business activity has a positive, zero, reduced, or improved environmental impact. The Green Claims proposal is aimed at voluntary business-to-consumer claims that are not already regulated by more specific EU rules.

Examples for triage include product packaging claims, web copy, ads, sales scripts, public product pages, company-name or product-name wording with an environmental meaning, and environmental labels when they communicate an environmental benefit. For this category, the owner should record the claim text, medium, audience, claimed benefit, product or trader boundary, and whether a sector rule already governs the claim.

- Classify the claim as explicit only when the environmental message is made in words or orally; purely visual cues remain UCPD issues but are not the same category.
- Identify whether the claim is generated by a producer, brand owner, service provider, retailer, distributor, or another trader repeating a claim to consumers.
- Check whether another EU act already sets the substantiation, communication, accounting, or label rule before applying the general Green Claims proposal controls.
- Create a substantiation file before publication, not after a complaint, because the proposal links explicit claims to verification before the claim is made public.

Sources for this answer:

- [Green Claims Directive proposal, COM(2023) 166 final](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0166&ref=sorena.io) - Defines the proposed Green Claims regime for substantiation and communication of voluntary explicit environmental claims.
- [Council general approach on the Green Claims Directive](https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-11312-2024-INIT/en/pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using explicit environmental claims and environmental labels as the operative claim categories in the negotiated Council text.

## Category 2: comparative claims

Flag a claim as comparative when it says or implies that one product, product category, supplier, brand, trader, or business activity is greener, cleaner, lower-impact, more recyclable, more durable, or otherwise environmentally preferable to another. Comparisons need a common method, comparable products or suppliers, material and verifiable features, and a way to keep the comparison current.

The comparison file should name the compared products or suppliers, the function being compared, the environmental characteristics used, assumptions, data sources, calculation method, update trigger, and any limits. A broad comparison should be narrowed if it only supports one attribute, one life-cycle stage, one market, or one version of the product.

- Use the same function and comparable assumptions for each compared product or supplier.
- Do not compare a full product against a competitor's single feature unless the copy says exactly that.
- State the method of comparison and keep a record of how product, supplier, and market data are refreshed.
- Escalate comparisons that depend on life-cycle results, benchmark classes, PEFCRs, OEFSRs, or external datasets because the evidence burden is higher.

Sources for this answer:

- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Adds comparison-method, compared-products, supplier, and update-information duties for environmental and circularity comparisons.
- [Compliance Criteria on Environmental Claims](https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2017-06/compliance_criteria_2016_en.pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Supports checking comparative claims against objective, relevant, non-misleading evidence and avoiding unsupported broad comparisons.

## Category 3: product, product-aspect, and trader claims

Separate product claims from trader or company claims before review. A product claim should identify the exact good, service, component, packaging element, feature, or life-cycle stage covered. A trader claim should identify whether it covers the entire business, a site, a portfolio, a specific activity, procurement practice, logistics network, or other operating boundary.

Directive (EU) 2024/825 specifically targets overbroad claims about an entire product or a trader's entire business when the evidence only concerns a certain product aspect or a specific business activity. A recycled-material claim for packaging, a renewable-energy claim for one facility, or a repairability claim for one model should not be written as if it describes the full product, brand, or business.

- Write the claim boundary into the approval record: whole product, component, packaging, product category, trader, site, activity, or portfolio.
- Require separate evidence for whole-product claims and whole-business claims; do not infer them from one feature or one activity.
- Use Product Environmental Footprint evidence for product-level life-cycle claims where relevant and Organisation Environmental Footprint evidence for organisation-level claims where relevant.
- Reject copy that makes legally required or common-practice features sound like distinctive environmental advantages.

Sources for this answer:

- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the distinction between entire-product or entire-business claims and narrower aspect or activity claims.
- [Understanding Product Environmental Footprint and Organisation Environmental Footprint methods](https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC129907?ref=sorena.io) - Explains the distinction between PEF for products and OEF for organisations when environmental-footprint evidence is used.

## Category 4: carbon, climate, and offset claims

Route climate-neutral, CO2-neutral, carbon-positive, climate-net-zero, climate-compensated, reduced-climate-impact, limited-CO2-footprint, and similar wording to a separate review path. Directive (EU) 2024/825 prohibits claims that a product has a neutral, reduced, or positive greenhouse-gas impact when that claim is based on offsetting outside the product value chain.

A product climate claim should therefore distinguish actual life-cycle impact evidence from information about investments in environmental initiatives or carbon-credit projects. Future climate-performance claims also need clear, objective, publicly available and verifiable commitments, measurable time-bound targets, a realistic implementation plan, allocated resources, and independent third-party verification.

- Do not approve product-neutrality wording that depends on offsets outside the product value chain.
- Allow environmental-initiative or carbon-credit information only when it is not framed as neutralising the product's own greenhouse-gas impact.
- For future climate commitments, attach the public target, plan, resources, milestones, monitoring process, and independent verification record.
- Keep product carbon-footprint evidence separate from company transition-plan, procurement, renewable-energy, and offset-purchase records.

Sources for this answer:

- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Grounds the carbon and offset claim category, including the prohibition on product greenhouse-gas impact claims based on offsetting.
- [Green Claims Directive proposal, COM(2023) 166 final](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0166&ref=sorena.io) - Connects Green Claims policy to reliable product carbon-footprint and greenhouse-gas-related environmental information.

## Category 5: labels and certification schemes

Treat environmental labels and sustainability labels as their own category. Directive (EU) 2024/825 prohibits displaying a sustainability label that is not based on a certification scheme and is not established by a public authority. The Green Claims proposal separately addresses environmental labelling schemes and labels covering environmental aspects of products or traders.

For every label, keep a register showing the scheme owner, public-authority basis or certification scheme basis, eligibility criteria, monitoring process, withdrawal or suspension rules, scope, product or business covered, and evidence that the trader is allowed to display it. Do not treat self-created icons, badges, trust marks, or private seals as low-risk simply because they look small on a page.

- Confirm whether the label is established by a public authority or based on a qualifying certification scheme.
- Check that scheme criteria are public, transparent, fair, non-discriminatory, and monitored by an independent competent third party.
- Record authorisation to use the label and the exact product, process, or business boundary covered by the label.
- For EU Ecolabel references, confirm the product or service has the relevant EU Ecolabel licence and that the claim matches the criteria.

Sources for this answer:

- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Defines sustainability labels and certification schemes and prohibits labels without a certification scheme or public-authority basis.
- [Council general approach on the Green Claims Directive](https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-11312-2024-INIT/en/pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Supports separate controls for environmental labelling schemes and the corresponding environmental labels.
- [EU Ecolabel](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en?ref=sorena.io) - Provides the official EU Ecolabel source for claims relying on the EU voluntary environmental-excellence label.

## Category 6: vague generic claims under UCPD green-transition rules

Flag generic environmental claims such as green, eco-friendly, environmentally friendly, nature's friend, ecological, climate friendly, carbon friendly, energy efficient, biodegradable, biobased, sustainable, conscious, or responsible when the claim is not specified clearly and prominently on the same medium. Directive (EU) 2024/825 prohibits generic environmental claims where the trader cannot demonstrate recognised excellent environmental performance relevant to the claim.

Generic wording should usually be replaced with the specific substantiated benefit: recycled content, lower energy use, repairability, recyclability, durability, reduced packaging, renewable energy used for a defined process, or another supported characteristic. If the claim remains generic, the file needs evidence of recognised excellent environmental performance that is relevant to the entire claim, not just a convenient adjacent label or rating.

- Replace generic copy with a specific claim and a prominent qualifier on the same medium wherever possible.
- Do not use a product's EU Ecolabel, class rating, or other excellent-performance evidence to support generic wording outside the scope of that evidence.
- Do not use broad sustainability wording based only on environmental performance when the wording also implies social, ethical, or governance performance.
- Keep the UCPD review separate from Green Claims verification because both can matter for the same public statement.

Sources for this answer:

- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Grounds the generic environmental claim category and the recognised-excellent-environmental-performance condition.
- [Compliance Criteria on Environmental Claims](https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2017-06/compliance_criteria_2016_en.pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Supports avoiding vague, ambiguous, broad general environmental-benefit claims unless clearly qualified and substantiated.

## Evidence file required for each category

The evidence file should answer five questions: what exact claim is being made, who generated it, what product or trader boundary it covers, what environmental characteristic is claimed, and what source-linked evidence makes the claim reliable, comparable, verifiable, current, and understandable to consumers.

For explicit claims and labels, the Green Claims proposal points toward substantiation, communication, review, verification, and certification. For UCPD-based controls, the evidence should also be ready for competent authorities, because factual environmental statements must be supported and retained for a reasonable period after use in a commercial communication.

- Claim record: exact wording, medium, publication date, market, audience, owner, and version history.
- Category record: explicit claim, comparison, product aspect, trader activity, carbon or offset claim, label, generic claim, or future-performance claim.
- Boundary record: product, service, packaging, component, product category, supplier, site, portfolio, activity, or entire business.
- Evidence record: scientific method, data period, assumptions, life-cycle coverage, third-party testing or verification, and confidential-data handling.
- Review record: trigger for changed data, changed products, changed law, new comparable products, label withdrawal, certificate expiry, correction, or claim withdrawal.

Sources for this answer:

- [Green Claims Directive proposal, COM(2023) 166 final](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0166&ref=sorena.io) - Supports maintaining substantiation, communication, review, verification, and certification records for explicit environmental claims.
- [Compliance Criteria on Environmental Claims](https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2017-06/compliance_criteria_2016_en.pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Supports retaining clear, robust, understandable documentation for factual environmental claims used in marketing.
- [Understanding Product Environmental Footprint and Organisation Environmental Footprint methods](https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC129907?ref=sorena.io) - Supports life-cycle, PEF, OEF, data-quality, and impact-category evidence where footprint methods are used.

*Recommended next step*

*Placement: after evidence section*

## Classify claim wording before publication

Use this category map to route green claims to the right owner, evidence file, label check, comparison method, or carbon-claim review before public copy changes.

- [Open Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Check Green Claims source material and draft category-specific evidence questions.
- [Discuss Green Claims implementation](/contact.md): Review claim categories, label controls, comparison evidence, and carbon wording with Sorena.

## Primary sources

- [Green Claims Directive proposal, COM(2023) 166 final](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0166&ref=sorena.io) - Primary Commission proposal source for explicit environmental-claim substantiation, communication, verification, and label controls.
  - Quote: "explicit environmental claims"
- [Council general approach on the Green Claims Directive](https://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-11312-2024-INIT/en/pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Negotiated Council text used to confirm Green Claims categories for explicit environmental claims, environmental labels, and labelling schemes.
  - Quote: "environmental claims and environmental labels"
- [Directive (EU) 2024/825 on empowering consumers for the green transition](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Binding UCPD amendment source for generic environmental claims, sustainability labels, comparisons, whole-product or whole-business claims, future-performance claims, and offset-based product climate claims.
  - Quote: "better protection against unfair practices"
- [Compliance Criteria on Environmental Claims](https://commission.europa.eu/system/files/2017-06/compliance_criteria_2016_en.pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Commission-hosted UCPD environmental-claims criteria used for substantiation, vague-claim, comparison, label, and evidence-retention guidance.
  - Quote: "specific, accurate and unambiguous"
- [Understanding Product Environmental Footprint and Organisation Environmental Footprint methods](https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC129907?ref=sorena.io) - JRC source used for product-versus-organisation footprint evidence and life-cycle assessment terminology.
  - Quote: "Product Environmental Footprint"
- [EU Ecolabel](https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/circular-economy/eu-ecolabel_en?ref=sorena.io) - Official EU Ecolabel source used for the public-authority environmental label category.
  - Quote: "environmental excellence"

## Related Topic Guides

- [Carbon offsets and carbon-neutral claims: EU Green Claims Directive requirements](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/offsets-and-carbon-neutral-claims.md): How to handle carbon-neutral, climate-neutral, compensated, and offset-backed claims under Directive (EU) 2024/825 and the Green Claims proposal.
- [Claims Evidence under the EU Green Claims Directive](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/claims-evidence.md): FAQ on the evidence expected before EU Green Claims are communicated, including scientific substantiation, life-cycle coverage, comparisons, and publication records.
- [Comparative Environmental Claims Under EU Green Claims Rules](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/comparative-claims.md): How to substantiate EU comparative environmental claims using equivalent products, methods, data, value-chain coverage, significant impacts, and consumer-law comparison disclosures.
- [Environmental labels and certification schemes under EU Green Claims rules](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/labels-and-certification-schemes.md): FAQ on environmental labels, certification schemes, EU Ecolabel, third-party verification, and Directive (EU) 2024/825 overlap for green claims.
- [EU Green Claims Applicability Test](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/applicability-test.md): Check whether the EU Green Claims Directive proposal could apply to an explicit environmental claim, environmental label, product claim, trader claim, or B2C communication.
- [EU Green Claims Checklist](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/checklist.md): A concrete checklist for EU environmental claims covering claim inventory, substantiation, life-cycle impacts, comparisons, offsets, labels, verification, and UCPD overlap.
- [EU Green Claims claim categories FAQ](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/claim-categories.md): FAQ guidance on explicit, generic, comparative, product, company, label, and carbon claim categories under the EU Green Claims proposal.
- [EU Green Claims compliance controls for proposal-stage planning](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/compliance.md): Proposal-stage Green Claims compliance controls for claim inventory, substantiation, communication, labels, comparative claims, offset claims, verification planning, and evidence records.
- [EU Green Claims Directive FAQ: scope, evidence, labels, offsets, and status](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq.md): Direct answers on the EU Green Claims Directive proposal, explicit environmental claims, substantiation, labels, offsets, PEF/OEF evidence, UCPD overlap, and penalties.
- [EU Green Claims Directive Procedure Calendar](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): Track grounded EU Green Claims Directive proposal milestones: Commission proposal, Parliament first reading, Council general approach, and current procedure status.
- [EU Green Claims Directive proposal requirements](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/requirements.md): source-linked summary of proposed EU Green Claims requirements for explicit environmental claims, substantiation, communication, verification, labels, comparisons, and Directive (EU) 2024/825 overlap.
- [EU Green Claims Directive Proposal Status and Legislative Tracker](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/proposal-status-and-legislative-tracker.md): Track COM(2023) 166 and procedure 2023/0085(COD) through public EUR-Lex, OEIL, Parliament, and Council files without treating the proposal as adopted law.
- [EU Green Claims Directive proposal status FAQ](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/proposal-status.md): Current source-linked status of the EU Green Claims Directive proposal: Commission proposal, Parliament first reading, Council general approach, and procedure records.
- [EU Green Claims Directive Substantiation Template](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/green-claims-substantiation-template.md): A field-by-field template for substantiating EU explicit environmental claims with claim scope, evidence, method, PEF/OEF, comparison, carbon-credit, verification, and publication records.
- [EU Green Claims Directive vs FTC Green Guides](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/green-claims-directive-vs-ftc-green-guides.md): A source-limited comparison focused on the EU Green Claims proposal: scope, substantiation, verification, labels, offsets, and reusable evidence.
- [EU Green Claims penalties and enforcement FAQ](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/penalties.md): FAQ on EU Green Claims penalty risk, Council and proposal enforcement principles, UCPD overlap, and evidence that reduces greenwashing risk.
- [EU Green Claims Templates for Claim Evidence and Verification](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/templates.md): Reusable templates for EU green-claim substantiation, verifier handoff, evidence inventory, sustainability labels, comparative claims, and Directive (EU) 2024/825 status checks.
- [EU Green Claims Verification and Audit Readiness](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/verification-and-audit-readiness.md): Prepare explicit environmental claims for substantiation review, verifier handoff, source traceability, communication checks, and proposal-stage caveats.
- [EU Green Claims: Product vs Company Claims](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/product-vs-company-claims.md): Compare product, service, and company environmental claims under the EU Green Claims proposal: scope, evidence, significant impacts, communication, and reuse limits.
- [FAQ: carbon offsets and carbon-neutral claims under EU Green Claims rules](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/offsets-and-carbon-neutral-claims.md): FAQ guidance on carbon neutral, climate neutral, offset, carbon credit, and future climate claims under the Green Claims proposal and Directive (EU) 2024/825.
- [FAQ: comparative environmental claims under EU Green Claims Directive](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/comparative-claims.md): FAQ guidance on EU comparative environmental claims: equivalent data, method boundaries, product comparisons, substantiation, presentation, and UCPD overlap.
- [FAQ: PEF and OEF evidence requirements for EU Green Claims](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/pef-and-oef-evidence.md): FAQ on when Product and Organisation Environmental Footprint methods help substantiate EU environmental claims, including scope, data quality, and method limits.
- [Green Claims Directive proposal status check workflow](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/proposal-status-check-workflow.md): A source-linked workflow for checking the Green Claims Directive proposal status across OEIL, EUR-Lex, Council documents, and Parliament records.
- [Green Claims Directive vs Empowering Consumers Directive](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/green-claims-directive-vs-empowering-consumers-directive.md): Compare the Green Claims proposal with Directive (EU) 2024/825: ex-ante substantiation and verification versus adopted UCPD amendments on generic claims, future performance, labels, and timing.
- [Green Claims Directive vs ISO 14021](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/green-claims-directive-vs-iso-14021.md): Compare the proposed EU Green Claims Directive with ISO 14021 for voluntary environmental claims, substantiation, self-declared labels, evidence, and verification.
- [Green Claims Directive vs UK Green Claims Code](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/green-claims-directive-vs-uk-green-claims-code.md): Compare the EU Green Claims Directive proposal with the UK Green Claims Code, covering substantiation, communication, labels, offsets, verification, enforcement, and evidence.
- [Green Claims evidence workflow for substantiation](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/claim-substantiation-evidence-workflow.md): Build a Green Claims proposal evidence file for voluntary EU environmental claims: status check, scope, scientific evidence, life-cycle impacts, comparisons, carbon credits, verification, consumer communication, and review.
- [Green Claims labels and certification schemes](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/labels-and-certification-schemes.md): How EU Green Claims rules and Directive (EU) 2024/825 treat environmental labels, certification schemes, EU Ecolabel use, new schemes, evidence records, and consumer-facing clarity.
- [Green Claims penalties and enforcement: proposal and Council approach](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/penalties-and-enforcement.md): How the EU Green Claims proposal and Council general approach handle competent authorities, corrective measures, penalties, verifiers, and UCPD overlap.
- [Green Claims penalties and fines under the EU proposal](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/penalties-and-fines.md): source-linked summary of proposed Green Claims enforcement, corrective measures, penalty criteria, and the Council approach to maximum-fine language.
- [Green Claims substantiation evidence pack](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/substantiation-and-evidence-pack.md): Build a source-linked evidence pack for EU Green Claims: claim inventory, scientific substantiation, life-cycle impacts, PEF or OEF records, comparisons, labels, offsets, verification, and traceability.
- [Green Claims verifier workflow for explicit environmental claims](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/verifier-workflow.md): A concrete verifier-preparation workflow for voluntary explicit environmental claims: claim boundaries, substantiation evidence, verifier package, certificate handling, and change reviews.
- [Greenwashing risk checklist for EU green claims](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/greenwashing-risk-checklist.md): A concrete EU greenwashing checklist for marketing, product, legal, and sustainability teams reviewing vague claims, evidence gaps, offsets, labels, comparisons, and future targets.
- [How do the UCPD, Directive (EU) 2024/825, and Green Claims proposal overlap?](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/ucpd-and-empowering-consumers-overlap.md): FAQ on how Directive (EU) 2024/825 changes UCPD greenwashing rules and how the Green Claims proposal would add substantiation, communication, labels, and verification detail.
- [Microenterprise and Scope Exclusions in the EU Green Claims Proposal](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/microenterprise-and-scope-exclusions.md): FAQ on proposal-stage Green Claims scope: microenterprise treatment, voluntary B2C explicit environmental claims, B2B limits, and EU-rule exclusions.
- [PEF and OEF evidence for EU green claims](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/pef-and-oef-evidence.md): How Product and Organisation Environmental Footprint studies can support EU green-claim substantiation without treating PEF or OEF as mandatory for every claim.
- [Product vs company claims under the EU Green Claims Directive](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/product-vs-company-claims.md): FAQ guidance on separating product, service, and company environmental claims under the EU Green Claims proposal, with substantiation and communication boundaries.
- [Verifier workflow under the EU Green Claims Directive](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/faq/verifier-workflow.md): FAQ on the proposed EU Green Claims verifier workflow: substantiation, ex-ante verification, verifier requirements, certificates, and proposal-stage caveats.
- [What Counts as a Green Claim Under the EU Green Claims Proposal](/artifacts/eu/green-claims-directive/what-counts-as-a-green-claim.md): source-linked scope guide to explicit environmental claims under the EU Green Claims proposal and related Directive (EU) 2024/825 concepts.


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