---
title: "Which products does the EU GPSR cover?"
canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/covered-products"
source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/covered-products"
author: "Sorena AI"
description: "Direct EU GPSR FAQ on covered consumer products, exclusions, online offers, used and refurbished products, and how GPSR interacts with specific EU product-safety law."
published_at: "2026-05-09"
updated_at: "2026-05-09"
keywords:
  - "EU GPSR covered products"
  - "General Product Safety Regulation scope"
  - "consumer products"
  - "GPSR exclusions"
  - "online product sales"
  - "EU General Product Safety Regulation"
  - "EU GPSR"
  - "Covered products"
---
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---

# Which products does the EU GPSR cover?

Direct EU GPSR FAQ on covered consumer products, exclusions, online offers, used and refurbished products, and how GPSR interacts with specific EU product-safety law.

*FAQ* *EU*

## EU GPSR FAQ Covered Products

The EU GPSR is the fallback safety regime for consumer products placed or made available on the EU market when no more specific EU safety rule fully covers the same risk.

Use this FAQ to decide whether a product is in scope, excluded, covered only for residual risks, or treated as made available because an online offer targets EU consumers.

The EU General Product Safety Regulation covers consumer products placed or made available on the EU market unless a specific EU rule covers the same safety objective and risk. The covered-products question is therefore not just whether the item is sold to consumers; it also asks whether an exclusion applies, whether the product is new or second-hand, and whether sector-specific Union product law already regulates the relevant risk.

## Which products does the EU GPSR cover?

The GPSR covers products placed or made available on the EU market when they are intended for consumers or are likely, under reasonably foreseeable conditions, to be used by consumers. It applies to products supplied for payment or free of charge, including products supplied in the context of a service.

The practical answer is: treat the product as covered if it is a consumer product on the EU market and no listed exclusion applies. If a specific EU product-safety law covers the product, GPSR still matters for risks or aspects that the specific law does not cover.

- In scope: consumer products placed or made available on the EU market in the course of a commercial activity.
- Also in scope: products not originally designed for consumers when foreseeable use means consumers are likely to use them.
- Residual scope: products under specific EU safety requirements remain subject to GPSR for risks or aspects not covered by those requirements.
- Not a scope shortcut: CE marking or another sector label does not by itself answer every GPSR risk question.

Sources for this answer:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/988/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 1 and Article 2 ground the baseline GPSR scope for consumer products placed or made available on the EU market.

## What products are excluded from GPSR?

Article 2 lists exclusions that should be checked before treating a product as covered. The exclusions are product-category exclusions, not general business-model exceptions.

The regulation excludes medicinal products for human or veterinary use, food, feed, living plants and animals, certain genetically modified organisms and microorganisms, plant and animal reproductive products, animal by-products and derived products, plant protection products, certain transport equipment operated by a service provider, specified aircraft, and antiques.

- Food and feed are outside GPSR, but materials and articles intended to come into contact with food may still need a separate risk analysis where food-specific law does not cover the risk.
- Antiques are excluded because consumers cannot reasonably expect them to meet current safety standards.
- Products clearly marked as needing repair or reconditioning before use are not covered as ready-to-use products.
- Do not add national exclusions or informal carve-outs unless they are grounded in the EU text or another applicable EU product law.

Sources for this answer:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/988/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 2(2) lists the product categories excluded from GPSR, while Article 2(3) excludes products clearly marked for repair or reconditioning before use.

## Are online, used, repaired, or refurbished products covered?

Yes, where the Article 2 scope test is met. GPSR expressly applies to products placed or made available on the market whether they are new, used, repaired, or reconditioned.

Online or other distance-sale offers count as made available on the market when the offer targets consumers in the Union. That means marketplace, ecommerce, and distance-sale listings need a scope review when the seller directs activity to one or more EU Member States.

- Used products can be covered when they re-enter the commercial supply chain for EU consumers.
- Repaired or reconditioned products can be covered when sold or supplied as products ready for use.
- Products offered as needing repair or reconditioning before use are treated differently when they are clearly marked that way.
- Online listing controls should identify whether the offer targets EU consumers, not just where the seller is established.

Sources for this answer:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/988/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 2(3) covers new, used, repaired, and reconditioned products; Article 4 treats online or distance-sale offers targeting EU consumers as made available on the market.

## How should teams document a covered-products answer?

Keep the record short and product-specific. A useful GPSR scope record names the item, intended and foreseeable consumer use, route to the EU market, whether the sale is online or offline, any Article 2 exclusion considered, and any sector-specific EU product-safety law that covers the same risk.

The answer should be tied to the risk being assessed. A product can be subject to specific Union harmonisation law for one risk while GPSR remains relevant for another risk not covered by that law.

- Record the product identifier, model or version, seller role, EU market route, and consumer-use facts.
- List each exclusion considered and state why it does or does not apply.
- Map each specific EU product law to the risks it covers, then identify any residual GPSR risks.
- For online listings, record why the offer is or is not targeted at consumers in the Union.
- Review the answer after design changes, new sales channels, refurbishing programs, marketplace expansion, or a change in applicable EU product law.

Sources for this answer:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/988/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 2 requires a product, market, risk, and specific-law analysis; Article 4 adds the EU-targeted online offer test.

## Primary sources

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/988 on general product safety](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/988/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Binding GPSR source for scope, exclusions, new/used/repaired/reconditioned coverage, distance-sale treatment, and interaction with specific Union safety law.
  - Quote: "offered for sale online"

## Topic Guides

- [EU GPSR Applicability Test for Consumer Products](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/applicability-test.md): Determine whether the EU General Product Safety Regulation applies to a product, sale channel, operator role, online listing, used product, or responsible-person setup.
- [EU GPSR Compliance Checklist](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/checklist.md): Concrete EU GPSR checklist for consumer product safety assessment, technical documentation, traceability, labels, online listings, accidents, recalls, and corrective actions.
- [EU GPSR compliance obligations](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/compliance.md): EU GPSR compliance guide covering safety assessment, technical documentation, responsible persons, traceability, marketplace listings, accident reporting, recalls, and evidence.
- [EU GPSR deadlines and compliance calendar](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): Calendar of grounded EU GPSR timing duties: 13 December 2024 application, accident notices, marketplace takedowns, recall notices, remedies, and regular product-safety checks.
- [EU GPSR Economic Operator Duties](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/economic-operator-duties.md): Role-by-role GPSR duties for manufacturers, importers, distributors, EU responsible persons, traceability records, corrective action, accidents, recalls, and Safety Business Gateway escalation.
- [EU GPSR economic operator roles: manufacturer, importer, distributor](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/economic-operator-roles.md): Classify GPSR roles for consumer products and map manufacturer, importer, distributor, fulfilment provider, responsible person, and online marketplace duties to evidence.
- [EU GPSR FAQ: scope, listings, recalls, reporting](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq.md): FAQ on GPSR consumer-product scope, economic operator duties, EU responsible person, online marketplace listings, Safety Business Gateway reporting, recalls, and evidence.
- [EU GPSR Imported Products Guide](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/imported-products.md): GPSR importer guide covering EU responsible-person checks, traceability, technical documentation, online offers, dangerous-product action, recalls, and Safety Business Gateway reporting.
- [EU GPSR incident and recall triage workflow](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/incident-and-recall-triage-workflow.md): A concrete EU GPSR workflow for product-safety incident intake, dangerous-product assessment, Safety Business Gateway notification, recall notices, marketplace coordination, and evidence records.
- [EU GPSR Marketplace Notice Handling](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/marketplace-notice-handling.md): How online marketplaces should handle GPSR authority orders, product-safety notices, Safety Gate checks, seller communications, evidence, and escalation.
- [EU GPSR Marketplace Notice Response Workflow](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/marketplace-notice-response-workflow.md): Concrete GPSR workflow for online marketplace product-safety notices, authority orders, takedowns, seller and consumer notification, Safety Gate Portal checks, and Safety Business Gateway evidence.
- [EU GPSR Online Listing Obligations](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/online-listing-obligations.md): GPSR online listing obligations for EU consumer-product offers: required product, manufacturer, responsible-person, warning, safety, traceability, and marketplace evidence fields.
- [EU GPSR online listing release workflow](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/online-listing-release-workflow.md): Release workflow for EU GPSR online product listings: product scope, responsible person details, warnings, traceability, safety evidence, marketplace checks, and monitoring.
- [EU GPSR Online Marketplace Obligations](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/online-marketplace-obligations.md): GPSR obligations for online marketplaces: contact points, Safety Gate registration, authority orders, product-safety notices, listing data, recall cooperation, accident notifications, and records.
- [EU GPSR penalties and enforcement exposure](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/penalties-and-fines.md): source-linked EU GPSR enforcement guide covering Member State penalties, market surveillance powers, corrective actions, marketplace orders, recalls, and evidence records.
- [EU GPSR Product Recall Notice Template](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/product-recall-notice-template.md): A GPSR recall notice template for EU consumer products, covering product identifiers, affected batches, risk wording, consumer actions, remedies, contact routes, channels, accessibility, and evidence records.
- [EU GPSR Product Safety Assessment Record](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/product-safety-assessment.md): Build a concrete GPSR product safety assessment covering product characteristics, foreseeable use, vulnerable consumers, warnings, standards, tests, incidents, risk level, corrective action, and documentation.
- [EU GPSR recall effectiveness evidence](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/recall-effectiveness.md): GPSR recall effectiveness guide for direct consumer notice, recall notice content, remedies, channel monitoring, marketplace cooperation, and Safety Gate evidence.
- [EU GPSR Recalls and Incident Management](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/recalls-and-incident-management.md): GPSR recall and incident management guide covering accident notification, Safety Business Gateway reporting, recall notices, consumer communication, marketplaces, and evidence records.
- [EU GPSR requirements for consumer products](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/requirements.md): Core EU GPSR requirements for consumer product safety: scope, risk assessment, operator duties, EU responsible person, traceability, online listings, marketplaces, accidents, recalls, Safety Gate, and evidence.
- [EU GPSR Risk Evaluation Criteria](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/risk-evaluation.md): GPSR risk evaluation criteria for consumer products: foreseeable use, vulnerable consumers, standards, warnings, serious risk signals, corrective action, and evidence.
- [EU GPSR safety assessment workflow](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/safety-assessment-workflow.md): A GPSR workflow for consumer product safety assessment: scope intake, hazards, standards, warnings, vulnerable users, documentation, incident triggers, recalls, and evidence.
- [EU GPSR Safety Gate and Safety Business Gateway](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/safety-gate-and-business-gateway.md): source-linked guide to GPSR Safety Gate public alerts, Safety Business Gateway submissions, accident reporting, marketplace duties, evidence fields, and notification timing.
- [EU GPSR Scope and Covered Products](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/scope-and-covered-products.md): Scope guide for Regulation (EU) 2023/988 covering consumer products, distance sales, used and reconditioned goods, exclusions, Union harmonisation overlap, and evidence to keep.
- [EU GPSR sector-law fallback and overlap](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/sector-law-fallback.md): How the EU GPSR applies when sector-specific Union product safety law also applies, including residual safety risks, online listings, recalls, evidence, and market surveillance.
- [EU GPSR Traceability and Documentation Records](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/traceability-and-documentation.md): source-linked GPSR record checklist for product identifiers, manufacturer and importer details, technical documentation, online offers, responsible person evidence, incidents, and recalls.
- [EU GPSR Traceability Records](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/traceability-records.md): Build GPSR traceability records for product identifiers, economic operators, online listings, safety evidence, incidents, recalls, and retention checks.
- [GPSR vs DSA marketplace duties for dangerous products](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/gpsr-vs-dsa-marketplaces.md): Compare GPSR marketplace duties with the DSA touchpoints referenced by GPSR Article 22 for product listings, takedown, recalls, incidents, and evidence.
- [GPSR vs LVD, EMC, and RED: overlap and fallback](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/gpsr-vs-lvd-emc-red-sector-rules.md): Compare GPSR fallback duties with LVD, EMC, and RED sector rules for consumer products, traceability, recalls, online marketplaces, and evidence records.
- [GPSR vs Market Surveillance Regulation: Article 4, controls, recalls](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/gpsr-vs-market-surveillance-regulation.md): Compare GPSR with Regulation (EU) 2019/1020 for responsible-person coverage, market-surveillance controls, evidence requests, unsafe products, recalls, and authority workflows.
- [GPSR vs Product Liability Directive](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/gpsr-vs-product-liability-directive.md): Compare GPSR preventive product-safety duties with EU product-liability exposure using grounded rules on recalls, warnings, traceability, accidents, and evidence.
- [How are dangerous product risk levels assessed under the EU GPSR?](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/dangerous-product-risk-levels.md): FAQ on GPSR and Safety Gate dangerous-product risk levels: serious risk, evidence, corrective measures, recall, withdrawal, and notification records.
- [How does the GPSR apply to used or refurbished products? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/used-and-refurbished-products.md): FAQ on when used, repaired, reconditioned, or refurbished consumer products fall under the EU GPSR, including exclusions, operator duties, evidence, and online listings.
- [What GPSR information must appear in online Product Listings? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/product-listings.md): Direct EU GPSR FAQ answer on Article 19 online offer content: manufacturer details, EU responsible person, product identifiers, warnings, and listing evidence.
- [What must online marketplaces do when a GPSR product safety issue is reported? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/marketplace-takedowns.md): EU GPSR FAQ on marketplace takedown orders, product-safety notices, Safety Gate Portal checks, Safety Business Gateway reporting, and evidence records.
- [What should a GPSR recall notice include? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/recall-notices.md): What EU GPSR recall notices must tell consumers, how the EU model notice structures the message, and how Safety Business Gateway and Safety Gate evidence fits the recall record.
- [What should a GPSR safety evidence pack include? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/safety-evidence-packs.md): EU GPSR FAQ covering the records to keep for product risk assessment, technical documentation, traceability, tests, warnings, incidents, recalls, online listings, and marketplace operators.
- [When must businesses report GPSR product accidents? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/accident-notification.md): EU GPSR FAQ explaining accident notification triggers, who reports, Safety Business Gateway use, required information, evidence to keep, and timing without fixed day-count claims.
- [Who is the GPSR Article 16 responsible person? | EU GPSR FAQ](/artifacts/eu/general-product-safety-regulation/faq/responsible-person.md): Direct FAQ answer on when the GPSR requires an EU-based responsible economic operator, which operator can fill the role, and what contact details must appear online.

*Recommended next step*

*Placement: after covered-products section*

## Check GPSR scope before assigning product-safety duties

Use the covered-products answer to separate excluded products, sector-law coverage, residual GPSR risks, and EU-targeted online offers before building labels, technical records, marketplace controls, or recall workflows.

- [Open Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Answer EU GPSR scope and source questions with cited outputs.
- [Talk through implementation](/contact.md): Review product scope, residual risks, marketplace coverage, and evidence records.


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