---
title: "EU Digital Services Act (DSA): Scope, Platform Duties, VLOPs, and Enforcement"
canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act"
source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act"
author: "Sorena AI"
description: "A cited EU Digital Services Act hub for intermediary-service scope, notice and action, statements of reasons, transparency reports, ads, recommenders, trader traceability, VLOP/VLOSE duties, and enforcement."
published_at: "2026-02-21"
updated_at: "2026-05-09"
keywords:
  - "EU Digital Services Act"
  - "DSA scope"
  - "intermediary services"
  - "hosting services"
  - "online platforms"
  - "notice and action"
  - "statements of reasons"
  - "transparency reports"
  - "trader traceability"
  - "VLOP VLOSE"
  - "DSA enforcement"
  - "Digital Services Act"
  - "DSA"
  - "Transparency reporting"
  - "VLOP"
  - "VLOSE"
---
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---

# EU Digital Services Act (DSA): Scope, Platform Duties, VLOPs, and Enforcement

A cited EU Digital Services Act hub for intermediary-service scope, notice and action, statements of reasons, transparency reports, ads, recommenders, trader traceability, VLOP/VLOSE duties, and enforcement.

![EU DSA artifact preview](https://cdn.sorena.io/cdn-cgi/image/format=auto/cheatsheets/prod/sorena-ai-eu-dsa-timeline-small.jpg?v=cheatsheets%2Fprod)

*DSA* *EU Platform Regulation*

## EU Digital Services Act Scope, Platform Duties, and VLOP Readiness

This DSA hub helps classify an online service, find the obligations for each service tier, and route work into notice-and-action, transparency, and VLOP/VLOSE controls.

Practical guidance to plan with; validate against your own legal requirements, since duties depend on whether the service is a host, platform, marketplace, or designated VLOP/VLOSE.

[Open the DSA checklist](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/checklist.md)

## DSA questions this hub helps answer

- **Which service tier applies?**: Start with intermediary-service scope and then separate hosting, online platform, marketplace, and search-engine features because each layer adds obligations.
- **Which trust-and-safety controls are required?**: Map notice and action, trusted-flagger priority, statement-of-reasons delivery, internal complaints, out-of-court dispute links, repeat-abuse suspension, and transparency reporting.
- **Is the service in VLOP or VLOSE territory?**: Track average monthly active EU recipients against the 45 million threshold, designation status, four-month compliance trigger, systemic-risk assessment, mitigation, audit, data access, and ad-repository work.

By Sorena AI | Updated 2026-05 | No signup required

### DSA quick scan

*Regulation 2022/2065*

- **Scope and service boundary**: The DSA regulates intermediary services that connect recipients with goods, services, or content; Commission guidance lists marketplaces, social networks, app stores, travel platforms, and accommodation platforms as examples.
- **Core operating duties**: Hosting and platform teams need operational records for Article 16 notices, Article 17 statements of reasons, Article 15 transparency reports, Article 24 user numbers, Article 26 ads, Article 27 recommenders, and Article 30 trader traceability where relevant.
- **Enhanced VLOP/VLOSE layer**: Designated services at or above 45 million average monthly active EU recipients must handle systemic-risk assessment and mitigation, annual independent audits, researcher and regulator data access, non-profiling recommender options, and searchable ad repositories.

Use the topic guides to move from DSA scoping into article-level controls, public disclosures, reporting templates, marketplace checks, and enforcement readiness.

| Value | Metric |
| --- | --- |
| 2022/2065 | Regulation |
| Art. 16-17 | Moderation |
| 45M | VLOP/VLOSE |
| 6% | Fine cap |

**Key highlights:** Service classification | Notice and action | Transparency reports

## Primary sources

- [Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 (Digital Services Act)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Primary legal text for DSA scope, intermediary-service obligations, hosting notice-and-action mechanisms, statements of reasons, online-platform safeguards, trader traceability, VLOP/VLOSE thresholds, audits, ad repositories, data access, and penalty caps.
  - Quote: "Providers of hosting services shall put mechanisms in place to allow any individual or entity to notify them"
- [European Commission Digital Services Act overview](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/digital-services-act?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the visitor-facing explanation of covered online services, user rights, platform examples, Digital Services Coordinators, and the Commission's role with very large services.
  - Quote: "These services include marketplaces, social media networks, app stores, and online travel and accommodation platforms."
- [European Commission DSA transparency overview](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-brings-transparency?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the transparency-reporting, statement-of-reasons, monthly user-number, risk-assessment, audit-report, and DSA Transparency Database guidance summarized on this hub.
  - Quote: "all providers of intermediary services will have to make reports on their content moderation publicly available"
- [European Commission VLOP and VLOSE guidance](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-vlops?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the 45 million monthly EU recipient threshold, four-month post-designation compliance trigger, systemic-risk, independent-audit, data-access, non-profiling recommender, and ad-repository statements.
  - Quote: "Very large online platforms and search engines are those with over 45 million users in the EU."
- [European Commission DSA enforcement framework](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-enforcement?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the enforcement summary: Commission investigations, requests for information, interviews, inspections, interim measures, fines up to 6% of global annual turnover, and periodic penalties.
  - Quote: "The enforcement of the Digital Services Act (DSA) includes a full set of investigative and sanctioning measures"
- [Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the reference to harmonised DSA transparency-reporting templates and reporting periods for intermediary services, hosting services, online platforms, VLOPs, and VLOSEs.
  - Quote: "laying down templates concerning the transparency reporting obligations of providers of intermediary services"

## Topic Guides

- [DSA Ads and Recommender Systems: transparency duties, user choice, and evidence](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/ads-and-recommender-systems.md): An official source DSA guide to ad labels, targeting restrictions, recommender parameter disclosure, non-profiling options for VLOPs and VLOSEs, ad repositories, and compliance evidence.
- [DSA Applicability Test: classify intermediary services, platforms, marketplaces, VLOPs and VLOSEs](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/applicability-test.md): A cited EU Digital Services Act applicability test for classifying intermediary services, hosting services, online platforms, marketplaces, VLOPs and VLOSEs.
- [DSA Article 28 minors protection guide for online platforms](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/minors-protection.md): EU Digital Services Act guide to Article 28 minors protection: platform scope, child-safety measures, targeted ads limits, recommender controls, and official source evidence.
- [DSA average monthly active recipients: what platforms must publish](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/average-monthly-active-recipients.md): An official source FAQ on average monthly active recipients under the EU Digital Services Act, including publication, EU recipient scope, the 45 million VLOP/VLOSE threshold, and evidence records.
- [DSA Complaint and Dispute Workflows for Online Platforms](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/complaint-and-dispute-workflows.md): Build DSA complaint, appeal, statement-of-reasons, and out-of-court dispute workflows for online platform moderation decisions.
- [DSA crisis response for VLOPs and VLOSEs](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/crisis-response.md): EU Digital Services Act crisis response guide for VLOPs and VLOSEs: Article 36 Commission decisions, Article 48 crisis protocols, mitigation, governance, requests for information, and records.
- [DSA Dark Patterns: interface design checks for online platforms](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dark-patterns.md): Article 25 DSA guidance for reviewing online platform interfaces for deceptive, manipulative, or choice-distorting design patterns.
- [DSA Enforcement and Penalties in the EU](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/enforcement-penalties-and-investigations.md): How Digital Services Act enforcement works: Commission and Digital Services Coordinator roles, VLOP and VLOSE investigations, fines, periodic penalty payments, and evidence readiness.
- [DSA illegal content notices: what must be included?](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/illegal-content-notice.md): An official source FAQ on EU Digital Services Act illegal-content notices: Article 16 notice elements, acknowledgement, decision notices, trusted flagger priority, statements of reasons, and records.
- [DSA Marketplace Trader Traceability FAQ](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/marketplace-trader-traceability.md): Answer to what EU Digital Services Act Article 30 requires online marketplaces to collect, verify, display, retain, and evidence for trader traceability.
- [DSA Marketplace Trader Traceability Guide](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/marketplace-trader-traceability.md): EU Digital Services Act guide for online marketplaces collecting, checking, displaying, storing, and evidencing trader traceability information.
- [DSA notice and action plus statements of reasons guide](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/notice-and-action-plus-statements-of-reasons.md): An official source Digital Services Act guide for notice intake, moderation decisions, statements of reasons, DSA Transparency Database submission, complaints, appeals, trusted flaggers, and records.
- [DSA Notice and Action Workflow for Hosting Services and Online Platforms](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/notice-and-action-workflow.md): An official source DSA notice-and-action workflow covering notice intake, completeness checks, trusted flaggers, decisions, user communications, statements of reasons, appeals, and records.
- [DSA recommender transparency FAQ: Article 27 and VLOP options](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/recommender-transparency.md): What EU Digital Services Act recommender transparency requires: main parameters, user options, VLOP/VLOSE non-profiling choices, and evidence to keep.
- [DSA researcher data access for VLOPs and VLOSEs](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/researcher-data-access.md): Article 40 DSA guide to vetted researcher data access for VLOPs and VLOSEs: DSC requests, eligibility checks, amendment grounds, confidentiality, security, and evidence records.
- [DSA service tier classifier for platforms, marketplaces, VLOPs and VLOSEs](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/service-tier-classifier-workflow.md): Classify a digital service under the EU Digital Services Act as intermediary, hosting, online platform, marketplace, VLOP or VLOSE, with EU recipient-count evidence and obligation outputs.
- [DSA statement of reasons FAQ](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/statement-of-reasons.md): When DSA statements of reasons are required, what they must contain, when online platforms submit them to the DSA Transparency Database, and what appeal records to keep.
- [DSA statement of reasons log workflow for online platforms](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/statement-of-reasons-log-workflow.md): Build a DSA statement of reasons log for moderation decisions, Transparency Database submission, complaint links, retention, and QA controls.
- [DSA transparency report template fields and cadence](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-transparency-report-template.md): An official source template outline for Digital Services Act transparency reports, covering applicable service tiers, reporting periods, CSV/XLSX format, retention, statement-of-reasons links, and required evidence tables.
- [DSA Transparency Reporting Obligations by Provider Tier](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/transparency-reporting.md): An official source guide to EU Digital Services Act transparency reports, active-recipient publication, statements-of-reasons submissions, VLOP/VLOSE reports, templates, cadence, and evidence.
- [DSA VLOP and VLOSE Risk Assessments and Mitigation Guide](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/risk-assessments-and-mitigation.md): Official source guide to Digital Services Act systemic risk assessments, mitigation measures, audits, transparency reports, data access, and governance evidence for VLOPs and VLOSEs.
- [DSA VLOP Audit Pack Workflow: Risk, Mitigation, Audit, and Transparency Records](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/vlop-audit-pack-workflow.md): Build a DSA VLOP or VLOSE audit pack covering Article 34 risk assessments, Article 35 mitigations, independent-audit evidence, transparency reports, data access, and compliance governance.
- [DSA VLOP Risk Assessment FAQ: Article 34, Mitigation, Audits](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq/vlop-risk-assessment.md): What VLOPs and VLOSEs must assess under the EU Digital Services Act, when to reassess, how Article 35 mitigation and annual audit evidence fit together, and what records to keep.
- [DSA vs DMA Platform Rules](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-vs-dma.md): Compare the EU Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act by scope, designation thresholds, obligations, enforcement, evidence, and practical team ownership.
- [DSA vs GDPR: online-platform governance and personal-data obligations](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-vs-gdpr.md): Compare the EU Digital Services Act and EU GDPR by scope, ads, recommenders, minors, transparency, complaints, enforcement, and evidence.
- [DSA vs P2B Regulation: EU platform obligations compared](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-vs-p2b.md): Compare the EU Digital Services Act with the Platform-to-Business Regulation for platform scope, business-user terms, content moderation, ranking transparency, complaints, enforcement, and evidence.
- [DSA vs Terrorist Content Online Regulation: notice-and-action vs removal orders](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-vs-terrorist-content-online-regulation.md): Compare DSA content-governance duties with the EU Terrorist Content Online Regulation removal-order workflow for scope, timing, evidence, authorities, and team ownership.
- [EU Digital Services Act checklist for platforms and hosting services](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/checklist.md): An official source DSA checklist for classifying service tiers, notice-and-action, statements of reasons, complaints, transparency reports, ads, recommenders, trader traceability, VLOP/VLOSE duties, and evidence records.
- [EU Digital Services Act Compliance Guide](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/compliance.md): DSA compliance guide for intermediary services, hosting providers, online platforms, marketplaces, and VLOP/VLOSE teams: obligations, controls, and evidence to keep.
- [EU Digital Services Act FAQ: DSA scope, platform duties, VLOPs, reports, and penalties](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/faq.md): Concise EU Digital Services Act FAQ covering intermediary-service scope, active-recipient thresholds, illegal-content notices, statements of reasons, trader traceability, recommender transparency, systemic-risk duties, reporting, penalties, and complaints.
- [EU Digital Services Act penalties and fines: caps and enforcement roles](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/penalties-and-fines.md): DSA penalty caps and enforcement roles: Member State fines, Commission fines for VLOPs and VLOSEs, 1% procedural fines, and 5% periodic penalty payments.
- [EU Digital Services Act requirements by service tier](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/requirements.md): Overview of DSA obligations for intermediary services, hosting providers, online platforms, marketplaces, VLOPs and VLOSEs, including notices, complaints, ads, transparency reports, audits, data access and enforcement.
- [EU Digital Services Act service types and scope](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/service-types-and-scope.md): Classify DSA service scope across mere conduit, caching, hosting, online platforms, marketplaces, online search engines, and VLOP/VLOSE threshold duties.
- [EU DSA deadlines and compliance calendar: application dates, reporting cycles, and VLOP clocks](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): Calendar view of cited EU Digital Services Act dates: full application, user-number publication, VLOP/VLOSE designation clocks, statements of reasons, and transparency reporting cycles.
- [EU DSA Transparency Calendar: reporting, SoR database, AMAR updates](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/transparency-calendar.md): Build a DSA transparency calendar for annual reports, statement-of-reasons database submissions, active-recipient updates, and VLOP/VLOSE audit touchpoints.
- [EU DSA vs UK Online Safety Act: scope, duties, regulator, and evidence](/artifacts/eu/digital-services-act/dsa-vs-uk-online-safety-act.md): Compare the EU Digital Services Act and UK Online Safety Act for platform scope, risk assessments, child protection, transparency, regulators, enforcement, and owners.

## Track cited-source DSA applicability and reporting events

*DSA Milestones*

Use the DSA milestones for regulation application, VLOP/VLOSE designation effects, average monthly active recipient publication, transparency-reporting templates, audit outputs, and enforcement events only where the source material supports the date and affected service category.

*Next step*

## Turn DSA scope into controls, disclosures, and evidence

This hub is the shared starting point for DSA implementation. Confirm the service tier first, then assign article-level work to trust and safety, policy, legal, marketplace, ads, recommender, data, reporting, and engineering owners who can change the service and maintain the public evidence.

- Start with one service boundary: EU targeting or establishment, intermediary role, hosting function, online-platform features, marketplace distance-contract flows, online search, average monthly active EU recipients, and any Commission designation status.
- For hosting and online-platform workflows, operationalize intake and user remedies: Article 16 notices, trusted-flagger priority, Article 17 statements of reasons, internal complaint handling, out-of-court dispute signposting, repeat-abuse suspension, and DSA Transparency Database submissions where applicable.
- For ads, recommenders, and marketplace flows, check the user interface: ad labels and sponsor/payment information, recommender main parameters and choice controls, profiling restrictions for minors, trader identity checks, product or service information fields, and consumer notices for illegal offers.
- For VLOPs and VLOSEs, build a standing evidence pack: user-number methodology, systemic-risk assessment, mitigation measures, compliance function governance, independent audit, audit implementation report, regulator and vetted-researcher data access process, non-profiling recommender option, and ad repository.

- [Open Assessment Autopilot](/solutions/assessment.md): Turn DSA scope, Article 16-17 moderation, reporting, marketplace, ads, recommender, and VLOP/VLOSE questions into owned tasks and evidence requests.
- [Open Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Answer DSA scope, user-number, notice, statement-of-reasons, transparency, trader, VLOP/VLOSE, audit, and enforcement questions with cited outputs.
- **Download timeline**: Coordinate DSA applicability, designation, reporting, audit, and enforcement milestones across teams.
- [Talk through DSA implementation](/contact.md): Review service classification, article-level controls, public disclosures, VLOP/VLOSE readiness, and enforcement evidence.

## Compliance Timeline

| Date | Event | Category | Reference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2022-06-16 | 2022 Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation published | Codes of Conduct | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/2022-strengthened-code-practice-disinformation?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2022-10-19 | Digital Services Act adopted (Regulation (EU) 2022/2065) | Legislative History | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2022-10-27 | DSA published in the Official Journal (OJ L 277) | Official Publication | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2022-11-16 | DSA enters into force | Official Publication | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2022-11-16 | Selected DSA provisions start applying (partial application) | Official Publication | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-01-31 | Commission publishes DSA guidance on average monthly active recipients | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/dsa-guidance-requirement-publish-user-numbers?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-02-17 | Deadline for platforms to publish user numbers | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/dsa-guidance-requirement-publish-user-numbers?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-03-02 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 on supervisory fees adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1127&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-04-25 | Commission designates first VLOPs and VLOSEs | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/designation-decisions-first-set-very-large-online-platforms-vlops-and-very-large-online-search?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-06-09 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1127&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-06-21 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 on Commission proceedings adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1201&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-06-22 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1201&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-06-29 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1127&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-07-12 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1201&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-08-25 | DSA starts applying to the first designated VLOPs and VLOSEs | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-enforcement?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-10-20 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 on independent audits adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32024R0436&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2023-12-20 | Commission designates Pornhub, Stripchat, and XVideos as VLOPs | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-02 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32024R0436&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-08 | Public consultation opens on elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/guidelines-providers-vlops-and-vloses-mitigation-systemic-risks-electoral-processes?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-15 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/607/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-16 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/607/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-17 | DSA fully applies (general date of applicability) and DSC designation deadline | Official Publication | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-17 | European Board for Digital Services established | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-board?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-19 | First European Board for Digital Services meeting held | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-board?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-02-22 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32024R0436&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-03-07 | Public consultation closes on elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/guidelines-providers-vlops-and-vloses-mitigation-systemic-risks-electoral-processes?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-03-07 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/607/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-03-26 | Commission publishes elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines (press release) | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/guidelines-providers-vlops-and-vloses-mitigation-systemic-risks-electoral-processes?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-03-31 | Deadline for the first supervisory fees report under Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32023R1127&ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-04-24 | Commission issues Letters of Formal Notice related to DSC designation and empowerment | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-dscs?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-04-26 | Elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines adopted and published | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/guidelines-providers-vlops-and-vloses-mitigation-systemic-risks-electoral-processes?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-04-26 | Commission designates Shein as a VLOP | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-05-31 | Commission designates Temu as a VLOP | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-06-20 | European Board for Digital Services establishes working groups | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-board?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-07-10 | First listed out-of-court dispute settlement body certified | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-out-court-dispute-settlement?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-07-10 | Commission designates XNXX as a VLOP | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-09-25 | European Board for Digital Services adopts working groups terms of reference | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-board-working-groups?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-11-04 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 on transparency report templates adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-11-05 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-11-25 | Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2024-12-17 | Commission opens formal proceedings against TikTok over election risks | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/news/commission-opens-formal-proceedings-against-tiktok-election-risks-under-digital-services-act?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-01-20 | Hate Speech Online+ integrated into the DSA codes of conduct framework | Codes of Conduct | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-codes-conduct?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-02-13 | 2022 Code of Practice on Disinformation integrated as a DSA Code of Conduct | Codes of Conduct | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/2022-strengthened-code-practice-disinformation?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-02-16 | Deadline for first annual transparency report following the DSA reporting cycle | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-02-17 | Second transparency reporting cycle starts latest under transition rules | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-02-18 | DSA codes of conduct development encouraged by the Commission | Codes of Conduct | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-05-07 | Commission refers five Member States to the CJEU over DSC obligations | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-dscs?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-05-13 | Targeted public consultation opens on the protection of minors guidelines | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/commission-publishes-guidelines-protection-minors?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-05-27 | Commission terminates Stripchat's VLOP designation | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-06-15 | Targeted public consultation closes on the protection of minors guidelines | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/commission-publishes-guidelines-protection-minors?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-06-18 | Commission accepts AliExpress DSA binding commitments | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-07-01 | Transparency reporting templates become mandatory under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-07-01 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 on vetted researcher data access adopted | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2025/2050/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-07-14 | Guidelines on the protection of minors under the DSA presented | Guidelines & Guidance | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/dsa-guidelines?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-08-18 | DSA codes of conduct application encouraged | Codes of Conduct | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-09-27 | Stripchat VLOP obligations cease after termination transition | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-10-09 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 published in the Official Journal | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2025/2050/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-10-29 | Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 enters into force | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2025/2050/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-11-17 | Commission evaluation report due under the DSA | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-12-05 | Commission accepts TikTok commitments in DSA proceedings | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2025-12-31 | Transparency reporting transition period ends (end of 2025) | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-01-01 | Unified transparency reporting periods apply (start of 2026) | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-01-26 | Commission designates WhatsApp as a VLOP | VLOP/VLOSE Designation | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-02-06 | Commission preliminarily finds TikTok's addictive design in breach of the DSA | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_26_312?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-03-26 | Commission issues preliminary findings in adult-content platform DSA cases | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-04-29 | Commission issues additional preliminary findings in Meta DSA proceedings | Enforcement Actions | [Source](https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/list-designated-vlops-and-vloses?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2026-12-31 | First full harmonised transparency reporting cycle ends | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2835/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2027-02-17 | AGORA implementation report due (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607) | Implementing Acts | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/607/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2027-02-18 | Commission report on SME impacts due under the DSA | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |
| 2027-11-17 | Commission evaluation of the DSA due (and every 5 years thereafter) | Governance & Cooperation | [Source](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/2065/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) |

**Event details:**

- **2022-06-16 - 2022 Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation published**: Publication date on the Code of Practice page: 16 June 2022.
- **2022-10-19 - Digital Services Act adopted (Regulation (EU) 2022/2065)**: Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 date: 19 October 2022.
- **2022-10-27 - DSA published in the Official Journal (OJ L 277)**: Official Journal publication reference for Regulation (EU) 2022/2065: OJ L 277, 27.10.2022, pp. 1-102.
- **2022-11-16 - DSA enters into force**: Regulation (EU) 2022/2065 enters into force 20 days after publication in the Official Journal.
- **2022-11-16 - Selected DSA provisions start applying (partial application)**: Regulation timeline: Article 24(2), (3) and (6), Article 33(3)-(6), Article 37(7), Article 40(13), Article 43, and Sections 4-6 of Chapter IV apply from 16 November 2022.
- **2023-01-31 - Commission publishes DSA guidance on average monthly active recipients**: Guidance page publication date: 31 January 2023.
- **2023-02-17 - Deadline for platforms to publish user numbers**: Guidance timeline: 17 February 2023 deadline for first publication of average monthly active recipients of the service (Article 24(2) DSA).
- **2023-03-02 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 on supervisory fees adopted**: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 date: 2 March 2023.
- **2023-04-25 - Commission designates first VLOPs and VLOSEs**: Designation decisions: on 25 April 2023, the Commission designated the first set of VLOPs and VLOSEs.
- **2023-06-09 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: publication date 9 June 2023 (OJ L 149/16).
- **2023-06-21 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 on Commission proceedings adopted**: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 date: 21 June 2023.
- **2023-06-22 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: publication date 22 June 2023 (OJ L 159).
- **2023-06-29 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 enters into force**: Supervisory fees delegated regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 9 June 2023 Official Journal publication.
- **2023-07-12 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/1201 enters into force**: Commission proceedings implementing regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 22 June 2023 Official Journal publication.
- **2023-08-25 - DSA starts applying to the first designated VLOPs and VLOSEs**: Enforcement framework timeline references Commission investigatory steps since 25 August 2023 for the first designated VLOPs and VLOSEs.
- **2023-10-20 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 on independent audits adopted**: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 date: 20 October 2023.
- **2023-12-20 - Commission designates Pornhub, Stripchat, and XVideos as VLOPs**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: Pornhub, Stripchat, and XVideos are each listed with a 20 December 2023 designation under the DSA.
- **2024-02-02 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: publication date 2 February 2024 (OJ L, 2024/436).
- **2024-02-08 - Public consultation opens on elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines**: Elections guidelines timeline: public consultation ran from 8 February to 7 March 2024.
- **2024-02-15 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) adopted**: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 date: 15 February 2024.
- **2024-02-16 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: publication date 16 February 2024 (OJ L, 2024/607).
- **2024-02-17 - DSA fully applies (general date of applicability) and DSC designation deadline**: Regulation timeline: the DSA applies from 17 February 2024 and Member States must designate Digital Services Coordinators by 17 February 2024.
- **2024-02-17 - European Board for Digital Services established**: European Board for Digital Services policy page timeline: established with effect from 17 February 2024.
- **2024-02-19 - First European Board for Digital Services meeting held**: European Board for Digital Services policy page timeline: 1st meeting held on 19 February 2024.
- **2024-02-22 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2024/436 enters into force**: Independent audits delegated regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 2 February 2024 Official Journal publication.
- **2024-03-07 - Public consultation closes on elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines**: Elections guidelines timeline: public consultation ran from 8 February to 7 March 2024.
- **2024-03-07 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 (AGORA) enters into force**: AGORA implementing regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 16 February 2024 Official Journal publication.
- **2024-03-26 - Commission publishes elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines (press release)**: Elections guidelines timeline: press release and consultation results dated 26 March 2024.
- **2024-03-31 - Deadline for the first supervisory fees report under Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127**: Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/1127 extract: the first report (Article 8) to be adopted by the Commission by 31 March 2024.
- **2024-04-24 - Commission issues Letters of Formal Notice related to DSC designation and empowerment**: Digital Services Coordinators page timeline: Letters of Formal Notice issued on 24 April 2024 (Czechia, Cyprus, Estonia, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia).
- **2024-04-26 - Elections systemic risk mitigation guidelines adopted and published**: Elections guidelines timeline: communication formally adopted and published on 26 April 2024.
- **2024-04-26 - Commission designates Shein as a VLOP**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: Shein is listed with a 26 April 2024 designation under the DSA.
- **2024-05-31 - Commission designates Temu as a VLOP**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: Temu is listed with a 31 May 2024 designation under the DSA.
- **2024-06-20 - European Board for Digital Services establishes working groups**: European Board for Digital Services policy page timeline: the Board established eight working groups in its 5th meeting on 20 June 2024.
- **2024-07-10 - First listed out-of-court dispute settlement body certified**: Out-of-court dispute settlement page timeline: ADROIT is listed with a 10 July 2024 certification date, starting the public certification list for DSA Article 21 bodies.
- **2024-07-10 - Commission designates XNXX as a VLOP**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: XNXX is listed with a 10 July 2024 designation under the DSA.
- **2024-09-25 - European Board for Digital Services adopts working groups terms of reference**: Working groups page timeline: terms of reference adopted at the Board's 7th meeting on 25 September 2024.
- **2024-11-04 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 on transparency report templates adopted**: EUR-Lex extract: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 date: 4 November 2024.
- **2024-11-05 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: Official Journal publication date 5 November 2024 (OJ L, 2024/2835).
- **2024-11-25 - Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 enters into force**: Transparency reporting templates implementing regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 5 November 2024 Official Journal publication.
- **2024-12-17 - Commission opens formal proceedings against TikTok over election risks**: TikTok proceedings page publication date: 17 December 2024.
- **2025-01-20 - Hate Speech Online+ integrated into the DSA codes of conduct framework**: Codes of conduct page timeline: on 20 January 2025, the Commission and the European Board for Digital Services endorsed integration of the Code of Conduct on Countering Illegal Hate Speech Online+ into the DSA framework.
- **2025-02-13 - 2022 Code of Practice on Disinformation integrated as a DSA Code of Conduct**: Code of Practice page timeline: on 13 February 2025, the Commission and the European Board for Digital Services endorsed integration of the 2022 Code of Practice on Disinformation into the DSA framework.
- **2025-02-16 - Deadline for first annual transparency report following the DSA reporting cycle**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline: the first reporting cycle following full DSA application ends with publication of the first annual transparency report by 16 February 2025 at the latest.
- **2025-02-17 - Second transparency reporting cycle starts latest under transition rules**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline: the second reporting cycle pursuant to the DSA starts latest on 17 February 2025 and runs until 31 December 2025.
- **2025-02-18 - DSA codes of conduct development encouraged by the Commission**: Regulation timeline: the Commission shall encourage development of certain codes of conduct by 18 February 2025.
- **2025-05-07 - Commission refers five Member States to the CJEU over DSC obligations**: Digital Services Coordinators page timeline: on 7 May 2025, the Commission referred Czechia, Cyprus, Poland, Portugal, and Spain to the Court of Justice over Digital Services Coordinator designation or empowerment obligations.
- **2025-05-13 - Targeted public consultation opens on the protection of minors guidelines**: Minors guidelines page timeline: targeted public consultation ran from 13 May to 15 June 2025.
- **2025-05-27 - Commission terminates Stripchat's VLOP designation**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: on 27 May 2025, the Commission adopted a decision terminating Stripchat's VLOP designation; the page notes that VLOP obligations ceased four months after that decision.
- **2025-06-15 - Targeted public consultation closes on the protection of minors guidelines**: Minors guidelines page timeline: targeted public consultation ran from 13 May to 15 June 2025.
- **2025-06-18 - Commission accepts AliExpress DSA binding commitments**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: on 18 June 2025, the Commission issued preliminary findings and accepted binding commitments for AliExpress under the DSA.
- **2025-07-01 - Transparency reporting templates become mandatory under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline: providers shall follow the Annex I templates as of 1 July 2025.
- **2025-07-01 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 on vetted researcher data access adopted**: EUR-Lex extract: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 date: 1 July 2025; it lays down technical conditions and procedures for VLOPs and VLOSEs to share data with vetted researchers.
- **2025-07-14 - Guidelines on the protection of minors under the DSA presented**: Guidelines hub timeline: the Commission presented its guidelines on the protection of minors under the DSA on 14 July 2025.
- **2025-08-18 - DSA codes of conduct application encouraged**: Regulation timeline: the Commission shall encourage application of certain codes of conduct by 18 August 2025.
- **2025-09-27 - Stripchat VLOP obligations cease after termination transition**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: the Commission terminated Stripchat's VLOP designation on 27 May 2025, and the page states that VLOP obligations ceased to apply four months after that decision.
- **2025-10-09 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 published in the Official Journal**: EUR-Lex extract: Official Journal publication date 9 October 2025 (OJ L, 2025/2050).
- **2025-10-29 - Delegated Regulation (EU) 2025/2050 enters into force**: Vetted-researcher data access delegated regulation timeline: the act enters into force on the twentieth day following its 9 October 2025 Official Journal publication.
- **2025-11-17 - Commission evaluation report due under the DSA**: Regulation timeline: by 17 November 2025, the Commission shall evaluate and report to the European Parliament and the Council on specified DSA topics.
- **2025-12-05 - Commission accepts TikTok commitments in DSA proceedings**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: on 5 December 2025, the Commission accepted TikTok's commitments in ongoing DSA proceedings.
- **2025-12-31 - Transparency reporting transition period ends (end of 2025)**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline includes transition instructions ending on 31 December 2025.
- **2026-01-01 - Unified transparency reporting periods apply (start of 2026)**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline: unified reporting periods apply as of 1 January 2026.
- **2026-01-26 - Commission designates WhatsApp as a VLOP**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: WhatsApp is listed with a 26 January 2026 designation under the DSA.
- **2026-02-06 - Commission preliminarily finds TikTok's addictive design in breach of the DSA**: Algorithmic transparency portal timeline: press release dated 6 February 2026.
- **2026-03-26 - Commission issues preliminary findings in adult-content platform DSA cases**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: 26 March 2026 is listed for preliminary findings involving Pornhub, Stripchat, XNXX, and XVideos DSA enforcement actions.
- **2026-04-29 - Commission issues additional preliminary findings in Meta DSA proceedings**: Designated VLOPs/VLOSEs page timeline: 29 April 2026 is listed for preliminary findings in the Facebook and Instagram DSA enforcement actions.
- **2026-12-31 - First full harmonised transparency reporting cycle ends**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2835 timeline: first full harmonised reporting cycle covers until 31 December 2026.
- **2027-02-17 - AGORA implementation report due (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607)**: Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/607 timeline: by 17 February 2027, and every three years thereafter, the Commission shall submit an implementation report.
- **2027-02-18 - Commission report on SME impacts due under the DSA**: Regulation timeline: by 18 February 2027, the Commission shall evaluate and report on potential effects on SMEs.
- **2027-11-17 - Commission evaluation of the DSA due (and every 5 years thereafter)**: Regulation timeline: by 17 November 2027, and every five years thereafter, the Commission shall evaluate the DSA and report.


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