--- title: "EU Digital Markets Act FAQ: gatekeepers, DMA obligations, reports, and enforcement" canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq" source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items/page/2" author: "Sorena AI" description: "Concise FAQ on the EU Digital Markets Act for gatekeeper designation, core platform services, Articles 5, 6 and 7 obligations, Article 11 reports, interoperability, business-user data access, compliance evidence, and enforcement." published_at: "2026-05-09" updated_at: "2026-07-26" keywords: - "EU Digital Markets Act" - "DMA FAQ" - "gatekeepers" - "core platform services" - "Article 5" - "Article 6" - "Article 7" - "Article 11 compliance report" - "Article 11 reports" --- **[SORENA](https://www.sorena.io/)** - AI-Powered GRC Platform [Home](https://www.sorena.io/) | [Solutions](https://www.sorena.io/solutions) | [Artifacts](https://www.sorena.io/artifacts) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) | [Contact](https://www.sorena.io/contact) | [Portal](https://app.sorena.io) --- # EU Digital Markets Act FAQ: gatekeepers, DMA obligations, reports, and enforcement Concise FAQ on the EU Digital Markets Act for gatekeeper designation, core platform services, Articles 5, 6 and 7 obligations, Article 11 reports, interoperability, business-user data access, compliance evidence, and enforcement. *Artifact Guide* *EU* ## EU Digital Markets Act Frequently asked questions Answers to the core DMA questions visitors ask about gatekeepers, core platform services, Articles 5, 6 and 7 obligations, Article 11 reporting, interoperability, business-user data access, compliance evidence, and enforcement. This page helps orient product, legal, policy, engineering, and compliance work before reading the full legal text or a specific Commission designation decision. Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, the EU Digital Markets Act, entered into force on 1 November 2022 and has applied in its main part since 2 May 2023. It applies to undertakings designated by the European Commission as gatekeepers, and its main conduct obligations apply only to the core platform services listed in the designation decision. The Regulation and designation decision control; Commission templates and portal materials explain procedure and expected evidence but do not replace the binding text. This FAQ explains the designation test, covered service categories, Articles 5, 6 and 7 duties, Article 11 reporting, interoperability, business-user data access, evidence, and enforcement. ## Definitions ### DMA gatekeeper **Term:** gatekeeper A gatekeeper is an undertaking designated by the European Commission under DMA Article 3. The Commission must find significant impact on the internal market, an important-gateway core platform service, and an entrenched and durable position or a foreseeable near-term position. Meeting the quantitative thresholds creates presumptions and a notification duty; designation still requires a Commission decision. **Why it matters here:** Articles 5, 6, and 7 apply to a gatekeeper only for the core platform services listed in its designation decision. Other products or affiliated companies are not automatically subject to every gatekeeper obligation. Sources: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, Articles 2(1) and 3](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) ### Core platform service A core platform service is one of the ten categories in DMA Article 2(2): online intermediation, online search, online social networking, video sharing, number-independent interpersonal communications, operating systems, web browsers, virtual assistants, cloud computing, or qualifying online advertising services. **Why it matters here:** The Commission lists the particular core platform service in the designation decision. That service boundary controls user counting, obligation mapping, and Article 11 reporting. Sources: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, Articles 2(2) and 3(9)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) ### DMA Article 11 compliance report **Term:** Article 11 compliance report An Article 11 compliance report is the gatekeeper's detailed and transparent submission describing the measures implemented to comply with DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7. The first report is due within six months after designation and must be updated at least annually. **Why it matters here:** The Commission template organises evidence by designated core platform service and applicable obligation. It asks for implemented measures, supporting data, internal documents, testing, indicators, and a separate non-confidential summary. Sources: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925, Article 11](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) - [European Commission Article 11 DMA Compliance Report Template Form](https://digital-markets-act.ec.europa.eu/document/download/904debdf-2eb3-469a-8bbc-e62e5e356fb1_en?filename=Article+11+DMA+-+Compliance+Report+Template+Form.pdf&ref=sorena.io) ## Browse sub-FAQ modules ### [DMA Article 11 Compliance Report Template FAQ](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/compliance-report-template.md) How gatekeepers should use the DMA Article 11 compliance report template to document obligation-by-obligation measures, evidence, updates, and non-confidential summaries. - 3 items ### [DMA core platform services FAQ](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/core-platform-services.md) FAQ on EU Digital Markets Act core platform services: Article 2 service categories, gatekeeper designation evidence, user thresholds, service scoping, and Article 11 reporting. - 4 items ### [DMA gatekeeper thresholds: what counts and when to notify](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/gatekeeper-thresholds.md) Standalone FAQ on the EU Digital Markets Act gatekeeper thresholds, Article 3 notification timing, Form GD evidence, and active user-count methodology. - 5 items ### [DMA interoperability requests: Article 7 and Commission guidance](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/interoperability-requests.md) How DMA Article 7 messaging interoperability requests work, including phased functions, the three-month operational deadline, reference offers, evidence, and safeguards. - 3 items ### [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md) FAQ explaining how EU Digital Markets Act Articles 5, 6, and 7 group gatekeeper obligations, what product evidence they require, and how Article 11 reporting connects. - 4 items Browse all indexed questions: [/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items.md) ## All FAQ items *Page 2 of 2. Showing 4 of 19 items.* ### [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md#what-do-dma-articles-5-6-and-7-require-from-gatekeepers) *Module: [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md)* Article 5 contains direct gatekeeper obligations for the listed core platform services. It covers practices such as combining or cross-using personal data without the required user choice and consent, restricting business users from steering customers to different prices or conditions, blocking access to content or subscriptions bought outside the gatekeeper channel, stopping complaints to public authorities, tying use of the gatekeeper's identification, browser-engine, or payment services, and daily advertising-price transparency for advertisers and publishers. - Do not summarize Articles 5, 6, and 7 as one generic compliance duty; map each obligation to the affected core platform service. - Treat Article 5 issues as direct conduct controls, especially data combination, anti-steering, tying, complaints, and advertising transparency. - Treat Article 6 issues as product, access, ranking, data, portability, switching, and interoperability controls that may require technical specification. - Treat Article 7 as the special interoperability regime for number-independent interpersonal communications services. - Check any Article 9 suspension or Article 10 exemption decision separately. Those are Commission decisions subject to statutory conditions, not internal non-applicability judgments. Sources for this answer: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 (Digital Markets Act)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary DMA text for the obligations in Articles 5, 6, and 7 and their application to listed core platform services. - [European Commission DMA legislation page](https://digital-markets-act.ec.europa.eu/about-dma/legislation_en?ref=sorena.io) - Commission page linking the DMA legislation and implementing materials that frame how the rules are administered. ### [How should product and compliance teams prove these DMA obligations are implemented?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md#how-should-product-and-compliance-teams-prove-these-dma-obligations-are-implemented) *Module: [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md)* The useful evidence unit is an obligation-by-service record. For each Article 5, 6, or 7 requirement, the record should identify the designated core platform service, the product surface affected, the pre-change state, the implemented measure, the date of implementation, the geographic and product scope, and the supporting data or internal documents. - Link every measure to a specific Article paragraph, core platform service, owner, implementation artifact, and review trigger. - Keep before-and-after evidence where the obligation changes a user journey, business-user term, API, ranking method, payment flow, or data-use policy. - Document why any integrity, security, or privacy limit is strictly necessary and proportionate when the DMA text allows such limits. - Keep non-applicability explanations separate from implementation evidence; the template allows omission only where the obligation cannot by nature apply to that core platform service. Sources for this answer: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 (Digital Markets Act)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 8 requires gatekeepers to ensure and demonstrate effective compliance with Articles 5, 6, and 7. - [European Commission Article 11 DMA compliance report template](https://digital-markets-act.ec.europa.eu/document/download/904debdf-2eb3-469a-8bbc-e62e5e356fb1_en?filename=Article+11+DMA+-+Compliance+Report+Template+Form.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Commission template specifying service-by-service and obligation-by-obligation evidence expected in Article 11 compliance reports. ### [How does Article 11 reporting connect to Articles 5, 6, and 7?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md#how-does-article-11-reporting-connect-to-articles-5-6-and-7) *Module: [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md)* Article 11 is the reporting bridge between the legal obligations and operational proof. Within 6 months after designation, the gatekeeper must give the Commission a detailed and transparent report describing the measures implemented to ensure compliance with Articles 5, 6, and 7, publish and provide a non-confidential summary, and update both at least annually. - Use Article 11 report sections as the filing structure for Article 5, 6, and 7 implementation evidence. - Prepare non-confidential summaries early so business secrets are protected without removing the substance needed for third-party input. - Review the report when measures, user journeys, APIs, service scope, rankings, advertising data, terms, or evidence indicators materially change; Article 11 requires an update at least annually. - Retain raw data and internal documents so they can be made available if the Commission asks for them. Sources for this answer: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 (Digital Markets Act)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Article 11 sets the compliance-report timing, non-confidential summary, and annual update obligation. - [European Commission Article 11 DMA compliance report template](https://digital-markets-act.ec.europa.eu/document/download/904debdf-2eb3-469a-8bbc-e62e5e356fb1_en?filename=Article+11+DMA+-+Compliance+Report+Template+Form.pdf&ref=sorena.io) - Template support for compliance statements, supporting data, internal documents, non-confidential summaries, and report updates. ### [What Article 6 and Article 7 interoperability examples are based on DMA sources?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md#what-article-6-and-article-7-interoperability-examples-are-based-on-dma-sources) *Module: [What do DMA Articles 5, 6, and 7 require from gatekeepers?](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/articles-5-6-and-7-obligations.md)* Article 6(7) is the hardware and software interoperability duty for operating systems and virtual assistants listed in a designation decision. The Commission's March 2025 Apple specification decisions provide a concrete example for iOS and iPadOS. They concern interoperability with connected devices and Apple's process for developer interoperability requests. Their binding measures apply to Apple in those proceedings; they do not automatically apply to every gatekeeper. - For Article 6(7), keep request intake, technical assessment, API or framework documentation, security justification, feedback, status tracking, and implementation-report evidence. - For Article 7, keep the reference offer, technical-interface records, request handling records, security and encryption analysis, personal-data minimisation analysis, and end-user choice evidence. - Do not merge Article 6(7) operating-system interoperability with Article 7 messaging-service interoperability; they have different service triggers and evidence needs. - Do not treat a security objection as self-proving; the DMA sources require strict necessity, proportionality, and justification where security or integrity limits are used. Sources for this answer: - [Regulation (EU) 2022/1925 (Digital Markets Act)](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2022/1925/oj?ref=sorena.io) - Primary text for Article 6(7) hardware and software interoperability and Article 7 messaging interoperability obligations. - [European Commission DMA interoperability portal](https://digital-markets-act.ec.europa.eu/developer-portal/interoperability_en?ref=sorena.io) - Current Commission portal for Article 6(7) specification proceedings and gatekeeper-specific interoperability resources. - [Commission Decision DMA.100204 - Apple's interoperability request process](https://ec.europa.eu/competition/digital_markets_act/cases/202523/DMA_100204_2073.pdf?ref=sorena.io) - Binding March 2025 specification decision supporting the Apple-specific request-process controls described in this section. ## FAQ Pagination - Canonical index (page 1): [/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items.md) - Page 1 rule: `/page/1` is intentionally not generated; use the canonical index markdown URL. - Current page: 2 of 2 Pages: [1](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items.md) | [2](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items/page/2.md) [Previous page](/artifacts/eu/digital-markets-act/faq/items.md) *Recommended next step* *Placement: before sources* ## Build a DMA obligation map for each designated core platform service Sorena can help map Article 5, 6, 7 and 11 requirements to product controls, source citations, owners, evidence, and reassessment triggers. - [Open Research Copilot for the EU Digital Markets Act](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Ask questions tied to cited sources about DMA designation, obligations, interoperability, reporting, evidence, and enforcement. - [Talk through DMA implementation](/contact.md): Review your DMA scope map, compliance-report evidence, and product-control gaps with Sorena. --- [Privacy Policy](https://www.sorena.io/privacy.md) | [Terms of Use](https://www.sorena.io/terms-of-use.md) | [DMCA](https://www.sorena.io/dmca.md) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us.md) (c) 2026 Sorena AB (559573-7338). 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