---
title: "Battery Passport vs ESPR Digital Product Passport"
canonical_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-vs-digital-product-passport"
source_url: "https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-vs-digital-product-passport"
author: "Sorena AI"
description: "Compare the EU Batteries Regulation battery passport with the ESPR digital product passport framework across scope, access rights, QR and data carrier rules, interoperability, and reuse limits."
published_at: "2026-05-09"
updated_at: "2026-05-09"
keywords:
  - "battery passport"
  - "digital product passport"
  - "ESPR"
  - "EU Batteries Regulation"
  - "Regulation (EU) 2023/1542"
  - "Regulation (EU) 2024/1781"
  - "Article 77"
  - "Article 78"
  - "Batteries Regulation"
---
**[SORENA](https://www.sorena.io/)** - AI-Powered GRC Platform

[Home](https://www.sorena.io/) | [Solutions](https://www.sorena.io/solutions) | [Artifacts](https://www.sorena.io/artifacts) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us) | [Contact](https://www.sorena.io/contact) | [Portal](https://app.sorena.io)

---

# Battery Passport vs ESPR Digital Product Passport

Compare the EU Batteries Regulation battery passport with the ESPR digital product passport framework across scope, access rights, QR and data carrier rules, interoperability, and reuse limits.

*Batteries Regulation* *Passport comparison* *EU*

## Battery Passport vs Digital Product Passport what changes under Article 77 and ESPR

The battery passport is a battery-specific obligation in Regulation (EU) 2023/1542; the ESPR digital product passport is a wider framework that becomes concrete through product-group rules.

Use this comparison to avoid false equivalence: batteries have their own passport trigger, access model, QR link, data fields, and lifecycle rules even though the passport must interoperate with other EU digital product passports.

Battery passport and Digital Product Passport are related, but they are not interchangeable labels. Article 77 of the EU Batteries Regulation creates a passport for specified batteries, Article 78 sets its technical operation, and ESPR Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 sets a broader digital product passport framework for product groups covered by delegated acts.

## Battery passport vs ESPR Digital Product Passport: where the rules align and where they do not

The battery passport borrows the same policy architecture as EU digital product passports, but it is already tailored to LMT, industrial and electric vehicle batteries. ESPR supplies the horizontal product-passport framework for other product groups and for future cross-passport interoperability.

- **Battery Passport**: A mandatory electronic record under Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 for LMT batteries, industrial batteries over 2 kWh, and electric vehicle batteries placed on the market or put into service.
- **ESPR Digital Product Passport**: A horizontal framework under Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 where product-group delegated acts specify when a passport is required, what data it contains, who can access it, and whether it is at model, batch or item level.

| Dimension | Battery Passport | ESPR Digital Product Passport | Operational implication | Sources |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Scope boundary | From 18 February 2027, Article 77 applies to each LMT battery, each industrial battery with capacity greater than 2 kWh, and each electric vehicle battery placed on the market or put into service. | ESPR is not battery-only. It is designed for product groups selected through ESPR work planning and delegated acts; the first working plan prioritises groups such as iron and steel, aluminium, textiles, furniture, tyres, detergents, paints, lubricants, chemicals, energy-related products, ICT products and other electronics. | A battery team should first classify the battery under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. ESPR product-group analysis is a separate step for products containing batteries or adjacent product categories. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the battery-specific classification step for LMT, industrial and electric vehicle batteries.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 18 describes ESPR work planning and the product groups prioritised for the first working plan. |
| Covered actors | Battery passport duties are written directly into the Batteries Regulation. Article 77 creates the electronic record and Annex XIII lists battery-specific public, restricted and legitimate-interest data categories. | The ESPR DPP is a framework. Article 9 says delegated acts adopted for product groups specify the passport requirements, including data, access, update rights and the level of granularity. | Do not treat ESPR as a substitute source for battery passport obligations. Use the Batteries Regulation for battery passport scope and data, then use ESPR to understand the wider DPP architecture and cross-passport expectations. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the Batteries Regulation as the controlling source for battery passport duties.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating ESPR as a horizontal framework whose concrete DPP content is set by delegated acts. |
| Data fields and schema | The battery passport contains both model-level data and individual-battery data. Annex XIII includes public fields such as material composition, carbon footprint, due diligence, recycled content, capacity, voltage, power capability, lifetime, warranty, EU declaration of conformity and waste-management information, plus restricted data for legitimate-interest actors and authorities. | ESPR passport data is not fixed for all products. Annex III lists potential elements such as the unique product identifier, commodity codes, compliance documentation, instructions, manufacturer/importer/operator identifiers, facility identifiers and passport-service-provider reference; the delegated act selects what applies. | Reuse data infrastructure, not the whole data schema. A battery passport needs Annex XIII fields even when an ESPR product passport for another product group uses different identifiers or documentation fields. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports keeping a battery-specific Annex XIII data map rather than copying a generic DPP field list.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the ESPR field list as a product-group-dependent framework rather than a universal schema. |
| Core obligations | Battery passport access is split by Annex XIII and Article 77: public data, data for notified bodies, market surveillance authorities and the Commission, and data for persons with a legitimate interest, including repair, remanufacturing, second-life, recycling and energy-market purposes where the Article 77 criteria are met. | ESPR access rights are set at product-group level in the applicable delegated act. Article 11 lists broad potential audiences, including customers, economic operators, repairers, independent operators, remanufacturers, recyclers, market surveillance and customs authorities, civil society organisations, trade unions and other relevant actors. | Build role-based access controls separately. A person who can see one ESPR DPP field is not automatically entitled to see restricted battery passport data. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating battery passport access as a restricted rights model rather than an all-public label.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports separating ESPR product-group access rights from the Batteries Regulation Annex XIII access model. |
| Evidence record | The battery passport is accessed through the Article 13(6) QR code, which links to a unique identifier attributed by the economic operator placing the battery on the market. The QR code and unique identifier must comply with ISO/IEC 15459 standards or equivalent standards. | ESPR uses the broader concept of a data carrier connected to a persistent unique product identifier. The applicable delegated act specifies whether the data carrier is on the product, packaging or accompanying documentation. | Battery passport implementation starts with the Batteries Regulation QR-code rule. ESPR carrier choices can inform architecture, but they do not remove the battery QR and unique-identifier requirements. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating the battery QR code as a Batteries Regulation requirement, not a generic DPP design preference.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the broader ESPR data-carrier framing for product groups outside the battery-specific Article 77 rule. |
| Interoperability and timing | Article 78 requires the battery passport to be fully interoperable with other digital product passports required by Union ecodesign law across technical, semantic and organisational aspects of end-to-end communication and data transfer. | ESPR Article 11 requires DPPs to be fully interoperable with other ESPR passports required by delegated acts, with open, structured, searchable and machine-readable data, security, privacy and fraud-resistance requirements. | The battery passport should be designed as part of the EU DPP ecosystem, but interoperability means compatible exchange and access controls. It does not mean identical data, identical scope or identical legal duties. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the statement that battery passport interoperability is a technical and organisational compatibility duty, not a merger of regimes.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the wider DPP ecosystem requirements for open, interoperable passport operation. |
| Enforcement | The economic operator placing the battery on the market must keep passport information accurate, complete and up to date. Responsibility transfers when a battery is prepared for reuse, repurposed, remanufactured or becomes waste, and the passport ceases to exist after recycling. | Under ESPR, the economic operator placing the product on the market must provide the relevant data carrier or unique product identifier to dealers and online marketplaces where needed and make a backup passport copy available through a DPP service provider. The passport remains available for the period set in the applicable delegated act. | Battery passport operations need status-change and end-of-life controls that are specific to batteries. ESPR service-provider and backup-copy controls are relevant architecture inputs, but they do not replace Article 77 lifecycle transfers. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports battery-specific controls for status changes and recycling.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the ESPR service-provider and delegated-act availability model. |
| Overlap and reuse | Reuse shared infrastructure for identifiers, carrier resolution, access control, audit logs, security, privacy and machine-readable formats, but keep the Article 77 battery data model and Annex XIII access categories intact. | Reuse ESPR architecture patterns for cross-product DPP strategy, but wait for the relevant ESPR delegated act before fixing a non-battery product's mandatory DPP data, level, access rights or availability period. | The clean operating model is a crosswalk: one column for Article 77 and 78 battery requirements, one column for ESPR Articles 9 to 11, and a third column showing exactly which platform control satisfies both without changing the underlying legal scope. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the battery side of a crosswalk covering Article 77 and Article 78 obligations.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the ESPR side of a crosswalk covering product-group DPP requirements under Articles 9 to 11. |
| Practical decision rule | Battery passport duties are written directly into the Batteries Regulation. Article 77 creates the electronic record and Annex XIII lists battery-specific public, restricted and legitimate-interest data categories. | The ESPR DPP is a framework. Article 9 says delegated acts adopted for product groups specify the passport requirements, including data, access, update rights and the level of granularity. | Do not treat ESPR as a substitute source for battery passport obligations. Use the Batteries Regulation for battery passport scope and data, then use ESPR to understand the wider DPP architecture and cross-passport expectations. | [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the Batteries Regulation as the controlling source for battery passport duties.<br>[Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating ESPR as a horizontal framework whose concrete DPP content is set by delegated acts. |

Sources for Scope boundary - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77(1) identifies the battery categories that must have a battery passport.
  - Quote: "From 18 February 2027"

Sources for Scope boundary - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 18 describes ESPR work planning and the product groups prioritised for the first working plan.
  - Quote: "product groups"

Sources for Scope boundary - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the battery-specific classification step for LMT, industrial and electric vehicle batteries.
  - Quote: "industrial battery with a capacity greater than 2 kWh"

Sources for Covered actors - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77 establishes the battery passport and Annex XIII sets the battery-specific information and access categories.
  - Quote: "battery passport"

Sources for Covered actors - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 9 makes the ESPR DPP depend on product-group delegated acts rather than one universal data sheet.
  - Quote: "delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 4"

Sources for Covered actors - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the Batteries Regulation as the controlling source for battery passport duties.
  - Quote: "Annex XIII"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating ESPR as a horizontal framework whose concrete DPP content is set by delegated acts.
  - Quote: "product group"

Sources for Data fields and schema - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Annex XIII lists the public and restricted information categories for the battery passport.
  - Quote: "material composition of the battery"

Sources for Data fields and schema - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Annex III lists the data elements that product-group delegated acts may require or allow in ESPR passports.
  - Quote: "unique product identifier"

Sources for Data fields and schema - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports keeping a battery-specific Annex XIII data map rather than copying a generic DPP field list.
  - Quote: "information relating to the battery model"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the ESPR field list as a product-group-dependent framework rather than a universal schema.
  - Quote: "what data are to or can be included"

Sources for Core obligations - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77 and Annex XIII define public, authority-only and legitimate-interest access categories for battery passport information.
  - Quote: "persons with a legitimate interest"

Sources for Core obligations - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 11 ties ESPR DPP access to the access rights specified in the applicable product-group delegated act.
  - Quote: "respective access rights"

Sources for Core obligations - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating battery passport access as a restricted rights model rather than an all-public label.
  - Quote: "access to information"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports separating ESPR product-group access rights from the Batteries Regulation Annex XIII access model.
  - Quote: "product group level"

Sources for Evidence record - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77(3) links the battery passport to the Article 13(6) QR code and ISO/IEC 15459 unique-identifier standards.
  - Quote: "accessible through the QR code"

Sources for Evidence record - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 10 connects the ESPR DPP through a data carrier to a persistent unique product identifier.
  - Quote: "data carrier"

Sources for Evidence record - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating the battery QR code as a Batteries Regulation requirement, not a generic DPP design preference.
  - Quote: "Article 13(6)"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the broader ESPR data-carrier framing for product groups outside the battery-specific Article 77 rule.
  - Quote: "product, its packaging or on documentation"

Sources for Interoperability and timing - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 78 requires technical, semantic and organisational interoperability with other Union ecodesign digital product passports.
  - Quote: "fully interoperable"

Sources for Interoperability and timing - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Articles 10 and 11 set open-format, vendor-lock-in and interoperability requirements for ESPR DPPs.
  - Quote: "open interoperable data exchange network"

Sources for Interoperability and timing - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the statement that battery passport interoperability is a technical and organisational compatibility duty, not a merger of regimes.
  - Quote: "end-to-end communication and data transfer"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the wider DPP ecosystem requirements for open, interoperable passport operation.
  - Quote: "without vendor lock-in"

Sources for Enforcement - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77 allocates accuracy duties and lifecycle responsibility for reused, repurposed, remanufactured, waste and recycled batteries.
  - Quote: "accurate, complete and up to date"

Sources for Enforcement - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 10 requires backup copies through a DPP service provider, and Article 11 sets availability and service-provider processing limits.
  - Quote: "back-up copy"

Sources for Enforcement - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports battery-specific controls for status changes and recycling.
  - Quote: "shall cease to exist after the battery has been recycled"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the ESPR service-provider and delegated-act availability model.
  - Quote: "digital product passport service provider"

Sources for Overlap and reuse - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports keeping battery-specific Article 77 data and access requirements separate from generic DPP architecture choices.
  - Quote: "Annex XIII"

Sources for Overlap and reuse - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports waiting for product-group delegated acts before locking non-battery ESPR DPP content and access rights.
  - Quote: "applicable delegated act"

Sources for Overlap and reuse - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the battery side of a crosswalk covering Article 77 and Article 78 obligations.
  - Quote: "Article 78"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the ESPR side of a crosswalk covering product-group DPP requirements under Articles 9 to 11.
  - Quote: "Articles 10 and 11"

Sources for Practical decision rule - Battery Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 77 establishes the battery passport and Annex XIII sets the battery-specific information and access categories.
  - Quote: "battery passport"

Sources for Practical decision rule - ESPR Digital Product Passport:

- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Article 9 makes the ESPR DPP depend on product-group delegated acts rather than one universal data sheet.
  - Quote: "delegated act adopted pursuant to Article 4"

Sources for Practical decision rule - operational implication:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using the Batteries Regulation as the controlling source for battery passport duties.
  - Quote: "Annex XIII"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports treating ESPR as a horizontal framework whose concrete DPP content is set by delegated acts.
  - Quote: "product group"

### How should teams decide whether a passport requirement is Battery Regulation or ESPR?

- If the product is an LMT battery, industrial battery over 2 kWh, or electric vehicle battery, start with Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 Article 77 and Annex XIII.
- If the product is outside the battery categories, check whether an ESPR delegated act covers the product group and specifies a DPP requirement.
- If both regimes touch the same product ecosystem, reuse technical controls only after mapping each field, access right, carrier, owner and lifecycle rule to its own legal source.

Sources for the practical decision rule:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using Article 77 and Annex XIII as the first source for covered battery passport decisions.
  - Quote: "each LMT battery"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports checking ESPR product-group delegated acts before treating a non-battery product passport as mandatory.
  - Quote: "delegated act"

## What this comparison is for

Use this page when a battery program, product-data platform or circularity roadmap calls everything a Digital Product Passport. The term is useful for architecture, but the legal analysis must separate Article 77 battery passport duties from ESPR product-group passport duties.

The most common mistake is to assume that interoperability creates identical obligations. Article 78 requires the battery passport to interoperate with other Union ecodesign product passports; it does not erase the Batteries Regulation's own scope, Annex XIII data, access-right categories or lifecycle rules.

- Use the battery passport column for LMT batteries, industrial batteries over 2 kWh and electric vehicle batteries.
- Use the ESPR DPP column for product groups covered by ESPR delegated acts and for platform design choices that must work across product categories.
- Keep a field-level crosswalk for data owners, data source, public or restricted access, update rights, retention or availability period, and the legal source that requires the field.

Sources for this answer:

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the battery-specific scope, access and interoperability points used in this comparison.
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports the ESPR framework points on product-group delegated acts, data carriers, access rights and interoperability.

*Recommended next step*

*Placement: after comparison section*

## Build a passport crosswalk before reusing DPP infrastructure

Map Article 77 and 78 battery passport fields against ESPR DPP architecture so shared systems preserve the right scope, access rights, data carrier, update owner and lifecycle controls.

- [Open Research Copilot](/solutions/research-copilot.md): Check EU battery passport and DPP implementation questions against cited source material.
- [Discuss passport implementation](/contact.md): Review battery passport scope, ESPR overlap, data-carrier choices and access-right controls with Sorena.

## Primary sources

- [Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 on batteries](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1542/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports using Article 77 and Annex XIII as the first source for covered battery passport decisions.
  - Quote: "each LMT battery"
- [Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 establishing the ESPR framework](https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1781/oj/eng?ref=sorena.io) - Supports checking ESPR product-group delegated acts before treating a non-battery product passport as mandatory.
  - Quote: "delegated act"

## Related Topic Guides

- [Batteries Regulation vs ESPR](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/batteries-regulation-vs-espr.md): Compare EU Batteries Regulation duties with ESPR framework rules: scope, economic operators, DPP overlap, delegated acts, sustainability evidence, and reuse limits.
- [Battery Passport Data Model Template for the EU Batteries Regulation](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-data-model-template.md): Template for an EU Batteries Regulation battery passport data model: Article 77 scope, QR-linked identifiers, Annex XIII field groups, access tiers, owners, and evidence.
- [Battery passport evidence workflow under EU Regulation 2023/1542](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-evidence-workflow.md): Build a battery passport evidence workflow for Article 77 and Annex XIII: QR code access, access rights, provenance, conformity evidence, lifecycle updates, and ownership.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Applicability Test](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/applicability-test.md): Decide whether Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 applies to a battery, battery cell, module, pack, product with an incorporated battery, operator role, or EU market activity.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Article 11 removability FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/removability-and-replaceability.md): FAQ on Article 11 removability and replaceability duties for portable and LMT batteries, including end-user removal, professional replacement, spares, software, and evidence.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Article 11: battery removability and replaceability](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/removability-and-replaceability.md): Article 11 guidance for portable and LMT batteries: end-user replacement, independent professionals, instructions, spare batteries, compatible batteries, software limits, and evidence.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Article 13 labels and consumer information](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/labeling-and-consumer-information.md): Article 13 guide to EU battery labels, separate collection marking, heavy-metal symbols, QR code links, capacity and duration notices, packaging fallback, and evidence.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Article 8 recycled content calculation FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/recycled-content-calculation.md): FAQ on Article 8 recycled content calculations for EU Batteries Regulation battery models, materials, thresholds, documentation, and delegated methodology status.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Battery Categories and Scope](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-categories-and-scope.md): Classify batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 across portable, SLI, LMT, electric vehicle, and industrial categories, including incorporated batteries and multipurpose products.
- [EU Batteries Regulation battery category routing workflow](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-category-routing-workflow.md): Classify portable, SLI, LMT, EV, industrial, and incorporated batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, then route carbon footprint, recycled content, passport, removability, due diligence, and waste-battery duties.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Battery Passport Fields](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-fields.md): Field-level guide to Article 77 and Annex XIII battery passport data: scope, QR access, public and restricted fields, and model versus individual battery records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation battery passport fields FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/battery-passport-fields.md): FAQ on Article 77 and Annex XIII battery passport field groups, public and restricted access, QR codes, unique identifiers, and model versus individual battery data.
- [EU Batteries Regulation category routing FAQ: portable, LMT, SLI, EV and industrial batteries](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/category-routing.md): FAQ guidance for routing batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 across portable, LMT, SLI, EV and industrial categories, including incorporated batteries and obligation checks.
- [EU Batteries Regulation compliance checklist](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/checklist.md): A grounded checklist for Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 covering battery category, operator role, conformity, CE marking, labels, QR codes, passports, removability, due diligence, waste batteries, and evidence records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation compliance structure](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/compliance.md): Structure Batteries Regulation compliance by battery category, operator role, conformity evidence, passport data, removability, due diligence, and waste-battery responsibility.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Conformity Assessment](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/conformity-assessment-and-ce-marking.md): Article 17 and Annex VIII guide to EU Batteries Regulation conformity assessment, EU declarations of conformity, CE marking, notified bodies, and release evidence.
- [EU Batteries Regulation deadlines and compliance calendar](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/deadlines-and-compliance-calendar.md): A grounded EU Batteries Regulation calendar for application dates, secondary-act dependencies, QR and passport milestones, removability, carbon footprint, recycled content, and waste obligations.
- [EU Batteries Regulation due diligence program: Chapter VII requirements](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/due-diligence-program.md): Article 47-52 guide to battery due diligence policies, management systems, supply-chain controls, Annex X risks, third-party verification, disclosure, and records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation due diligence threshold FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/due-diligence-thresholds.md): FAQ on the EU Batteries Regulation Chapter VII due diligence threshold, Article 47 exclusions, Annex X raw materials, and verification and disclosure records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Due Diligence Thresholds](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/due-diligence-thresholds.md): Check when Chapter VII battery due diligence applies under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, including the EUR 40 million turnover exclusion, second-life battery exclusion, raw material scope, and notified-body verification route.
- [EU Batteries Regulation economic operator roles FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/economic-operator-roles.md): FAQ on manufacturer, importer, distributor, fulfilment service provider, producer, and second-life operator roles under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
- [EU Batteries Regulation FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq.md): Answers to practical EU Batteries Regulation questions on battery categories, CE conformity, QR labels, battery passports, due diligence, removability, and waste collection duties.
- [EU Batteries Regulation NANDO and notified bodies FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/nando.md): When notified bodies matter under the EU Batteries Regulation, how to use the Single Market Compliance Space/NANDO lookup, and what scope evidence to retain.
- [EU Batteries Regulation penalties and fines: Article 93 enforcement framework](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/penalties-and-fines.md): Source-grounded guide to EU Batteries Regulation penalties: Article 93 Member State rules, market-surveillance action, formal non-compliance, due diligence enforcement, and evidence to preserve.
- [EU Batteries Regulation Producer Responsibility](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/waste-collection-and-producer-responsibility.md): Grounded guide to EU Batteries Regulation EPR: producer registration, free take-back, portable and LMT collection targets, distributor duties, treatment evidence, and Member State boundaries.
- [EU Batteries Regulation producer responsibility reporting workflow](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/producer-responsibility-reporting-workflow.md): A source-grounded workflow for EU Batteries Regulation producer registration, EPR reporting, collection evidence, take-back records, and Article 75 data handoffs.
- [EU Batteries Regulation QR code and label timing FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/qr-and-label-timing.md): FAQ on Article 13 battery labels, the 18 February 2027 QR code rule, battery passport access, and Commission act dependencies under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
- [EU Batteries Regulation recycled content and recovery targets](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/recycled-content-and-recovery-targets.md): Article 8 recycled-content duties, Annex XII recycling efficiency and material recovery targets, covered battery categories, materials, dates, and evidence records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation requirements overview](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/requirements.md): A grounded overview of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 requirements for battery scope, sustainability, conformity, labels, QR codes, passports, due diligence, waste duties, and evidence outputs.
- [EU Batteries Regulation supplier due diligence questionnaire](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-due-diligence-supplier-questionnaire.md): Supplier questionnaire structure for EU Batteries Regulation battery due diligence: Chapter VII scope, Annex X raw materials, supply-chain evidence, verification, disclosure, and records.
- [EU Batteries Regulation: carbon footprint declaration requirements and data](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/carbon-footprint-declarations.md): Article 7 carbon footprint declaration scope, required fields, lifecycle stages, technical documentation, and public-access evidence for EU battery compliance.
- [EU Batteries Regulation: CE Marking FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/ce-and-conformity-assessment.md): FAQ on Article 17 conformity assessment, Annex VIII modules, EU declarations of conformity, CE marking, notified bodies, and importer and distributor checks under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542.
- [EU Batteries Regulation: choosing the right conformity assessment route](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/conformity-assessment-route-workflow.md): Choose the Article 17 conformity assessment route for batteries under Regulation (EU) 2023/1542, including Module A, D1, G, notified body evidence, declaration, and CE marking outputs.
- [EU Batteries Regulation: evidence pack for carbon footprint and recycled content targets](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/carbon-footprint-and-recycled-content-evidence.md): What to keep for EU Batteries Regulation Article 7 carbon-footprint declarations and Article 8 recycled-content documentation, with covered battery categories and source-linked evidence fields.
- [EU Batteries Regulation: Waste Collection FAQ](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/waste-collection-and-recycling-reporting.md): FAQ on EU Batteries Regulation waste battery collection, producer registration, free take-back, collection targets, recycling, and reporting evidence.
- [EU Battery Passport Implementation Under Article 77](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-implementation.md): Source-grounded implementation guide for Article 77 battery passports: scope, QR codes, identifiers, access rights, updates, storage, and responsibility transfers.
- [FAQ: EU Batteries Regulation carbon footprint performance classes](/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/faq/carbon-footprint-classes.md): FAQ on Article 7 carbon footprint declarations, performance classes, maximum-threshold sequencing, covered battery categories, and delegated-act dependencies.


---

[Privacy Policy](https://www.sorena.io/privacy) | [Terms of Use](https://www.sorena.io/terms-of-use) | [DMCA](https://www.sorena.io/dmca) | [About Us](https://www.sorena.io/about-us)

(c) 2026 Sorena AB (559573-7338). All rights reserved.

Source: https://www.sorena.io/artifacts/eu/batteries-regulation/battery-passport-vs-digital-product-passport